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. 2023 May 30;15(11):2989. doi: 10.3390/cancers15112989

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Humanized mouse models for translational cancer research and immunotherapy. The scheme illustrates the genealogical tree of different humanized mouse strains. Details on the characteristics of the individual strains and their usability for generating PDXs and for testing cancer immunotherapies can be found in the text and are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2. Humanized mouse strains that are not commonly used or that are commercial regenerations of established mouse models (e.g., NCG, B-NDG) have not been included in this figure. NRG-A2/DR4 mice are also called “DRAGA” mice. Abbreviations: B₆RG, C57BL/6 Rag2^-/- Il2rg^-/-; BRG, BALB/c Rag2^-/- Il2rg^-/-; NOD, non-obese diabetic; NOG, NOD SCID Il2rg^null; NRG, NOD Rag1^-/- Il2rg^-/-; NSG, NOD SCID Il2rg^-/-; KI, knock-in; SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency; SRG, SIRPA Rag2^-/- Il2rg^-/-; MISTRG, M-CSF IL3/GM-CSF SIRPA TPO Rag2^-/- Il2rg^-/-; Tg, transgene.