Box 1.
Risk factors for urinary tract infection in children
| Abnormal voiding, dysfunctional elimination and/or constipation |
| Previous history of UTI |
| Fever of unknown origin |
| Antenatally diagnosed renal abnormalities or evidence of spinal lesion |
| Family history of VUR or renal disease |
| Uncircumcised boys (1st year of life) |
| Anatomical abnormalities (pelviureteric junction obstruction, VUR, ureterovesical junction obstruction) |
UTI: Urinary tract infection, VUR: Vesicoureteric reflux