Table 5.
Ergosterol and vitamin D2 contents and true retentions of vitamin D2 of cultivated and wild mushrooms (n = 3) (Mean ± SD).
| Mushroom | Type of Sample | Ergosterol (μg/100 g EP) |
Vitamin D2 (μg/100 g EP) | True Retention of Vitamin D2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivated mushrooms: | ||||
| Abalone mushrooms | Raw | 12,170 ± 57 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | - |
| (Pleurotus ostreatus (FR.)) | Boiled | 13,860 ± 82 | 0.73 ± 0.02 | 100.0 ± 0.0 |
| Stir-fried | 16,200 ± 82 | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 37.8 ± 2.4 | |
| Bhutan oyster mushroom | Raw | 8340 ± 163 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | - |
| (Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer) | Boiled | 15,053 ± 132 | 1.05 ± 0.11 | 100.0 ± 0.0 |
| Stir-fried | 19,233 ± 176 | 1.22 ± 0.15 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | |
| Grilled | 22,347 ± 205 | 2.73 ± 0.16 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | |
| Enokitake mushroom | Raw | 9943 ± 2159 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | - |
| (Flammulina velutipes) | Boiled | 11,037 ± 4317 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 84.5 ± 14.0 |
| Stir-fried | 13,140 ± 1923 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 97.8 ± 3.9 | |
| Grilled | 13,687 ± 3209 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 84.2 ± 13.6 | |
| Log black fungi mushroom (Lentinus squarrosulus Mont) |
Raw | 11,093 ± 1434 | 1.05 ± 1.25 | - |
| Boiled | 14,433 ± 2655 | 0.43 ± 0.44 | 86.5 ± 17.2 | |
| Stir-fried | 13,503 ± 2176 | 0.38 ± 0.45 | 87.9 ± 13.2 | |
| Log white fungi mushroom (Lentinus polychrous Lev) |
Raw | 8480 ± 1819 | 2.31 ± 0.74 | - |
| Boiled | 9823 ± 3757 | 0.47 ± 0.14 | 16.2 ± 9.2 | |
| Stir-fried | 11,140 ± 3020 | 0.24 ± 0.11 | 9.4 ± 1.9 | |
| Lung oyster mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) |
Raw | 12,973 ± 545 | 15.88 ± 7.31 | - |
| Boiled | 14,100 ± 516 | 12.35 ± 3.95 | 64.3 ± 30.9 | |
| Stir-fried | 18,877 ± 2112 | 4.98 ± 2.23 | 27.0 ± 5.6 | |
| Grilled | 17,870 ± 4050 | 11.29 ± 5.19 | 59.5 ± 36.0 | |
| Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) |
Raw | 12,070 ± 2969 | 0.17 ± 0.08 | - |
| Boiled | 13,373 ± 4268 | 0.34 ± 0.27 | 85.9 ± 24.4 | |
| Stir-fried | 17,957 ± 3642 | 0.35 ± 0.34 | 89.5 ± 18.5 | |
| Grilled | 16,893 ± 2436 | 0.23 ± 0.13 | 74.5 ± 22.3 | |
| Straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) |
Raw | 11,637 ± 3820 | 0.94 ± 0.60 | - |
| Boiled | 13,587 ± 4068 | 0.17 ± 0.15 | 4.3 ± 1.3 | |
| Stir-fried | 14,663 ± 4259 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 4.4 ± 1.2 | |
| Grilled | 13,707 ± 4157 | 0.28 ± 0.28 | 5.1 ± 1.8 | |
| Wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae) |
Raw | 10,223 ± 3113 | 1.99 ± 0.46 | - |
| Boiled | 8937 ± 2650 | 1.62 ± 0.11 | 85.7 ± 17.9 | |
| Stir-fried | 11,397 ± 2037 | 1.00 ± 0.04 | 49.4 ± 14.1 | |
| Wild mushrooms: | ||||
| Half-dyed slender Caesar mushroom (Amanita hemibapha) | Raw | 7713 ± 3619 | 0.39 ± 0.46 | - |
| Boiled | 7340 ± 2313 | 0.36 ± 0.42 | 56.0 ± 7.5 | |
| Stir-fried | 9617 ± 1104 | 0.82 ± 0.57 | 94.7 ± 9.1 | |
| Hygroscopic earthstar mushroom (Astraeus hygrometricus) |
Raw | 17,273 ± 662 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | - |
| Boiled | 19,947 ± 52 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 73.2 ± 12.9 | |
| Stir-fried | 21,960 ± 684 | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | |
| Termite mushroom (Termitomyces clypeatus Heim) |
Raw | 13,044 ± 3004 | 7.15 ± 0.67 | - |
| Boiled | 15,277 ± 1977 | 1.18 ± 0.78 | 11.4 ± 9.2 | |
| Stir-fried | 18,660 ± 3507 | 0.71 ± 0.76 | 7.6 ± 9.8 |