ABA	abscisic acid
C/EBPβ	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein
CV	coefficient of variation
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular patterns
DH	11α, 13-dihydrohelenalin
DHA	acetyldihydrohelenalin
DHIB	isobutyryldihydrohelenalin
DHIV	isovaleryldihydrohelenalin
DHM	methacryloyldihydrohelenalin
DHMB	2-methylbutyryldihydrohelenalin
DHT	tigloyldihydrohelenalin
DMAPP	dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
FDS	farnesyl diphosphate synthase
FPP	farnesyl pyrophosphate
GM-CSF	regulatory link between granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor
H	helenalin
HA	helenalin acetate
HIB	isobutyrylhelenalin
HIV	isovalerylhelenalin
HM	methacryloylhelenalin
HMB	2-methylbutyrylhelenalin
HPLC	high-performance liquid chromatography
HT	tigloylhelenalin
LOD	limit of detection
LOQ	limit of quantification
MALDI-MS	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
MAMPs	microbe-associated molecular patterns
MEP	2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate
MVA	mevalonate
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer
PAP	primary cause of lung disease
PPI	isopentenyl diphosphate
RSD	relative standard deviation
SD	standard deviation
SLs	sesquiterpene lactones
SNARE	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor
STPS	sesquiterpene synthases
UHPLC-MS	ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry