Table 1.
Prevalence Estimates of Parent-Child Estrangement by Gender, Race/Ethnicity, Sexual Identity, and Birth Year of Child
| Mother | Father | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not Estranged | Estranged | Not Estranged | Estranged | |
| %/Mean (SD) | %/Mean (SD) | %/Mean (SD) | %/Mean (SD) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Man (ref) | 93.30 | 6.70 | 75.67 | 24.33 |
| Woman | 94.12 | 5.88 | 72.26 | 27.74** |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White (ref) | 92.88 | 7.12 | 78.33 | 21.67 |
| Black | 93.15 | 6.85 | 50.51 | 49.49*** |
| Latine | 92.09 | 7.91 | 66.55 | 33.45*** |
| Other | 92.48 | 7.52 | 69.41 | 30.59* |
| Multiracial | 96.06 | 3.94*** | 85.45 | 14.55*** |
| Sexuality | ||||
| Heterosexual (ref) | 94.53 | 5.47 | 78.32 | 21.68 |
| Gay/lesbian | 94.70 | 5.30 | 67.93 | 32.07* |
| Bisexual | 93.99 | 6.01 | 63.68 | 36.32*** |
| Birth year | 1988.26 (6.35) | 1983.95*** (5.87) | 1989.12 (5.91) | 1984.94*** (6.65) |
Note:
*
p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01
***
p < 0.001.
Mother n = 8,495. Father n = 8,119. Estimates are weighted. Sexual identity was only asked in 2018, so sample sizes vary relative to other variables: Mother n = 4,776 and Father n = 4,575. Source: NLSY79 Child and Young Adult Supplement.