Table 1.

ACTion in Caregiving, Play to Learn, and ACTion in Caregiving+Play to Learn programme content

Structure	ACTion in Caregiving content	Play to Learn content
Introductory group	Programme overview, introductions to group members and facilitators	Programme overview, introductions to group members and facilitators
Module 1/Group 1	Creative hopelessness (eg, futility of controlling thoughts and feelings); acceptance/willingness in the context of unpleasant internal experiences; introduction to values	Engaging your child (eg, face-to-face interactions) and following their lead (eg, joining child-chosen activity)
Module 2/Group 2	Mindfulness (eg, awareness of present moment with attitude of non-judgement) and application within daily life (eg, mindfulness of the breath)	Engaging through play (with people and objects) and incorporating in everyday routines
Module 3/Group 3	Identifying caregiver cognitive fusion and techniques to facilitate defusion	Principles of learning (eg, role of antecedents and consequences) as applied to teaching new skills using behavioural techniques (eg, chaining)
Module 4/Group 4	Introduction to self-as-context and applying awareness, acceptance and defusion to this	Principles of learning applied to replacing behaviours that are harmful to the child, others or property
Module 5/Group 5	Living by values (eg, ongoing clarification of values and extent to which caregivers are currently living by these; using values as a guide for action)	Teaching non-verbal communication using behavioural techniques (eg, modelling, creating opportunities) and visual supports
Module 6/Group 6	Taking action to live by values (eg, goal-setting), while managing vulnerabilities and processes of psychological inflexibility (eg, avoidance)	Teaching verbal communication using behavioural techniques (eg, prompting, responding to speech/attempts) and visual supports