Table 1.

Bone graft categories their source of origin or chemical constitution with examples of commercially available products.

Graft Category	Origin/Chemical Constitution	Advantages	Disadvantages	Examples of Commercially Available Products	References
Autografts		Osteogenic Osteoinductive Osteoconductive No disease transmission No immunogenicity	Donor site morbidity Limited quantity Needs for general anaesthesia and hospitalization
Allografts		Osteoinductive Osteoconductive Moderate availability	Risk of disease Transmission Immunogenicity	DBX®	[62]
				DynaBlast®	[63]
				DynaGraft®	[64]
				Grafton™	[65]
				Opteform®	[23]
				OsteoSponge®	[62]
				Puros®	[66]
				Raptos®	[24]
Xenografts	Bovine	Osteoconductive High availability	Risk of disease Transmission Immunogenicity	Algipore®	[24]
	Porcine			Bio-Oss®	[67]
	Equine			Endobon®	[23]
	Coraline			Cerabone®	[68]
	Algae			Gen-Os®	[69]
				OsteoBiol®	[70]
				Pro Osteon®	[71]
				THE Graft™	[24]
				Biocoral®	[72]
Synthetic bone substitutes	Calcium phosphate	Osteoconductive Availability		BonePlast®	[73]
	Hydroxyapatite			Cortoss®	[74]
	Calcium carbonate			Eurobone®	[75]
				EasyGraft™ crystal	[76]
				EasyGraft™ classic	[77]
	Calcium sulphate			Vitoss®	[24]
	Bioactive glasses			Guidor®	[78]
	Polymers			HydroSet®	[79]
				IngeniOs®	[24]
				B-OstIN®	[24]
				PerioGlass®	[24]
				Straumann®	[24]
				BioGran®	[80]