Table 4.

Survival analysis considering Down syndrome and congenital heart disease as risk factors in each group of anomaly

Disease group	Survival at 1 year		P value*	Survival at 1 year		P value
			HR (95% CI)			HR (95% CI)
ESO	Without DS	86.56%	0.941	Without CHD	90.15%	0.004
	With DS	85.71%	0.93 (0.12 to 6.81)	With CHD	78.32%	2.72 (1.34 to 5.52)
CDO	Without DS	94.25%	0.122	Without CHD	94.32%	0.004
	With DS	85.10%	2.31 (0.77 to 6.92)	With CHD	80.48%	4.42 (1.48 to 13.19)
INTES	Without DS	92.64%	0.245	Without CHD	92.61%	0.299
	With DS	80.00%	3.23 (0.40 to 26.31)	With CHD	83.33%	2.89 (0.35 to 23.49)
HSCR	Without DS	97.01%	<0.001	Without CHD	96.67%	<0.001
	With DS	74.47%	7.57 (4.12 to 13.91)	With CHD	75.78%	5.82 (2.85 to 11.92)
			5.55 (2.63 to 11.75)†			2.11 (0.88 to 5.10)†
ARM	Without DS	93.27%	0.595	Without CHD	95.68%	<0.001
	With DS	92.19%	1.24 (0.56 to 2.78)	With CHD	81.89%	4.57 (2.55 to 8.21)
OMP	Without DS	90.29%	0.726	Without CHD	92.56%	0.026
	With DS	100.00%	NA	With CHD	77.78%	4.68 (1.05 to 20.93)
GAS	Without DS	93.44%	NA	Without CHD	92.43%	0.612
	With DS	NA	NA	With CHD	100.00%	NA
CDH	Without DS	91.92%	0.006	Without CHD	96.66%	<0.001
	With DS	50.00%	10.83 (1.29 to 90.64)	With CHD	66.67%	12.97 (2.51 to 66.98)
			19.90 (1.66 to 239.23)†			15.49 (2.75 to 87.08)†
Overall	Without DS	94.31%	<0.001	Without CHD	95.32%	<0.001
	With DS	84.92%	2.54 (1.72 to 3.76)	With CHD	78.80%	4.93 (3.60 to 6.76)
			1.34 (0.87 to 2.04)†			4.53 (3.21 to 6.37)†

*P value of log-rank test.

†Adjusted HR.

ARM, anorectal malformation; CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia; CDO, congenital duodenal obstruction; CHD, congenital heart disease; CI, confidence interval; DS, Down syndrome; ESO, esophageal malformation; GAS, gastroschisis; HR, hazard ratio; HSCR, Hirschsprung’s disease; INTES, jejunoileal atresia; NA, not analyzed; OMP, omphalocele.