TABLE 3.

Standardized estimates and 95% confidence intervals for the effects of financial status and the moderating effects of childhood SES and baseline age of personality change on the levels and changes in personality trait domains.

	Effects of finance	Moderating effects of cSES			Moderating effects of age
	Finance	Finance	cSES	Finance × cSES	Finance	Age	Finance × age
SATSA
N Level	−0.14 [−0.20, −0.08]	−0.14 [−0.20, −0.07]	0.00 [−0.06, 0.06]	−0.04 [−0.10, 0.02]	−0.25 [−0.33, −0.17]	−0.05 [−0.12, 0.02]	0.13 [0.05, 0.21]
N Change	−0.12 [−0.26, 0.02]	−0.11 [−0.24, 0.03]	−0.14 [−0.28, 0.01]	0.11 [−0.04, 0.26]	0.02 [−0.12,0.17]	0.25 [0.11, 0.39]	−0.16 [−0.36, 0.04]
E Level	0.11 [0.05, 0.17]	0.10 [0.04, 0.16]	0.01 [−0.05, 0.07]	0.03 [−0.03, 0.09]	0.13 [0.04, 0.22]	−0.02 [−0.09, 0.05]	−0.03 [−0.12,0.05]
E Change	0.13 [−0.02,0.28]	0.12 [−0.02, 0.27]	−0.04 [−0.18,0.11]	−0.01 [−0.17,0.15]	0.08 [−0.08, 0.23]	−0.09 [−0.23, 0.04]	0.01 [−0.24, 0.25]
0 Level	0.19 [0.13, 0.26]	0.16 [0.10, 0.23]	0.19 [0.13, 0.25]	0.01 [−0.05, 0.07]	0.09 [0.01, 0.18]	−0.09 [−0.16, −0.02]	0.12 [0.03, 0.21]
0 Change	0.09 [−0.09, 0.27]	0.11 [−0.08,0.29]	−0.09 [−0.22, 0.05]	0.12 [−0.05,0.28]	0.12 [−0.06,0.31]	−0.28 [−0.47, −0.10]	−0.40 [−0.71, −0.08]
MIDUS
N Level	−0.10 [−0.13, −0.07]	−0.09 [−0.13, −0.06]	−0.06 [−0.09, −0.03]	0.01 [−0.03, 0.04]	−0.13 [−0.16, −0.09]	−0.16 [−0.20, −0.13]	−0.03 [−0.07, 0.01]
N Change	−0.01 [−0.09, 0.07]	−0.01 [−0.10, 0.08]	0.01 [−0.08,0.10]	−0.03 [−0.13,0.06]	0.01 [−0.08,0.11]	0.08 [−0.03,0.19]	0.08 [−0.03, 0.20]
E Level	0.05 [0.02, 0.08]	0.04 [0.01, 0.07]	0.07 [0.04, 0.10]	−0.01 [−0.04, 0.02]	0.05 [0.01, 0.08]	−0.02 [−0.05, 0.02]	−0.01 [−0.04, 0.02]
E Change	0.11 [0.03, 0.20]	0.10 [0.02, 0.19]	−0.06 [−0.14, 0.02]	0.08 [−0.01,0.16]	0.15 [0.05, 0.24]	0.07 [−0.02, 0.15]	0.11 [0.01,0.20]
0 Level	0.07 [0.04, 0.10]	0.05 [0.02, 0.08]	0.16 [0.13, 0.19]	0.00 [−0.03, 0.03]	0.09 [0.05, 0.12]	−0.05 [−0.08, −0.02]	0.06 [0.02, 0.09]
0 Change	0.06 [0.00, 0.13]	0.07 [0.001, 0.132]	−0.06 [−0.128, 0.004]	0.02 [−0.05, 0.08]	0.08 [0.01, 0.14]	0.03 [−0.04, 0.10]	0.06 [−0.02,0.13]
C Level	0.13 [0.10, 0.17]	0.13 [0.09, 0.17]	0.04 [−0.001, 0.070]	−0.02 [−0.06, 0.01]	0.14 [0.11, 0.18]	0.08 [0.05, 0.12]	0.02 [−0.02, 0.06]
C Change	0.16 [0.02, 0.30]	0.17 [0.03, 0.32]	−0.07 [−0.20, 0.06]	0.01 [−0.11,0.14]	0.16 [0.02, 0.29]	−0.44 [−0.66, −0.22]	0.06 [−0.07, 0.20]
A Level	−0.09 [−0.12, −0.06]	−0.08 [−0.11, −0.05]	−0.04 [−0.07, −0.01]	0.00 [−0.03, 0.03]	−0.08 [−0.12, −0.05]	0.09 [0.05, 0.12]	−0.01 [−0.04, 0.03]
A Change	0.07 [−0.01,0.15]	0.05 [−0.03,0.13]	−0.01 [−0.09, 0.07]	0.09 [0.003, 0.170]	0.08 [−0.002, 0.169]	−0.04 [−0.13, 0.05]	0.05 [−0.04, 0.15]
HRS
N Level	−0.05 [−0.07, −0.04]	−0.10 [−0.13, −0.07]	−0.09 [−0.11, −0.07]	0.07 [0.03, 0.10]	−0.05 [−0.07, −0.03]	−0.16 [−0.18, −0.14]	−0.04 [−0.06, −0.02]
N Change	0.01 [−0.02, 0.04]	0.09 [0.02, 0.15]	0.02 [−0.02, 0.06]	−0.10 [−0.18, −0.03]	0.02 [−0.02, 0.05]	0.19 [0.14, 0.24]	0.01 [−0.03, 0.05]
E Level	0.04 [0.02, 0.06]	0.07 [0.04, 0.11]	0.03 [0.01, 0.05]	−0.05 [−0.09, −0.02]	0.02 [0.002, 0.042]	−0.04 [−0.06, −0.02]	0.03 [0.01, 0.05]
E Change	0.04 [0.01, 0.07]	0.04 [−0.02, 0.11]	0.10 [0.06, 0.14]	−0.02 [−0.08, 0.05]	0.03 [−0.003, 0.059]	−0.24 [−0.28, −0.19]	0.04 [−0.001, 0.073]
0 Level	0.08 [0.06, 0.10]	0.12 [0.09, 0.15]	0.23 [0.21, 0.24]	−0.08 [−0.11, −0.05]	0.04 [0.02, 0.06]	−0.13 [−0.15, −0.11]	0.07 [0.05, 0.09]
0 Change	0.03 [−0.01,0.06]	0.02 [−0.05, 0.09]	0.07 [0.03, 0.12]	0.00 [−0.08, 0.08]	0.02 [−0.02, 0.05]	−0.27 [−0.33, −0.22]	0.03 [−0.01,0.08]
C Level	0.08 [0.06, 0.10]	0.15 [0.11, 0.18]	0.14 [0.12, 0.16]	−0.11 [−0.14, −0.08]	0.05 [0.03, 0.07]	−0.08 [−0.10, −0.06]	0.06 [0.04, 0.08]
C Change	0.03 [0.002, 0.064]	−0.01 [−0.07, 0.06]	0.13 [0.09, 0.17]	0.03 [−0.04, 0.10]	0.02 [−0.01, 0.05]	−0.29 [−0.34, −0.24]	0.04 [0.01, 0.08]
A Level	0.00 [−0.02, 0.02]	0.04 [0.01, 0.08]	0.03 [0.01, 0.05]	−0.05 [−0.09, −0.02]	0.01 [−0.01,0.03]	−0.02 [−0.04, 0.01]	−0.02 [−0.045, −0.003]
A Change	0.05 [0.01, 0.09]	0.08 [−0.001, 0.152]	0.20 [0.14, 0.25]	−0.05 [−0.13, 0.04]	0.03 [−0.01, 0.07]	−0.20 [−0.26, −0.14]	0.11 [0.06, 0.16]

Note: Estimates significant after applying Benjamini-Hochberg correction are in bold. For financial status, material resources were assessed in SATSA and household income was assessed in MIDUS and HRS.

Abbreviations: A, agreeableness; C, conscientiousness; cSES, childhood SES; E, extraversion; N, neuroticism; O, openness.