Table 3.
Signage and Promotions at Vape Shops Assessed in Summer 2018 (N = 179) and Fall 2021 (N = 119)
| 2018 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 179 | N = 119 | ||||
| Variables | N (%) | Kappa | N (%) | Kappa | p |
| Any e-cigarette price promotions | 149 (83.2) | 0.69 | 24 (20.2) | 0.53 | <.001 |
| Any signage w/ e-cigarette product/price promotions | 161 (89.9) | 0.62 | 78 (65.5) | 0.72 | <.001 |
| Devices | 84 (46.9) | 0.70 | 48 (40.3) | 0.64 | .262 |
| Device price promos | 36 (20.1) | 0.39 | 16 (13.4) | 0.49 | .138 |
| E-liquids | 151 (84.4) | 0.64 | 65 (54.6) | 0.70 | <.001 |
| E-liquid price promos | 82 (45.8) | 0.52 | 16 (13.4) | 0.60 | <.001 |
| Signage promoting CBD, THC, Kratom, etc.* | |||||
| CBD products | 31 (26.1) | 0.86 | 36 (30.3) | 0.64 | .009 |
| CBD price promos | n/a | — | 5 (4.2) | 0.74 | — |
| THC products | n/a | — | 5 (4.2) | 0.74 | — |
| THC price promos | n/a | — | 0 (0) | n/a | — |
| Kratom products | n/a | — | 6 (5.0) | 0.31 | — |
| Kratom price promos | n/a | — | 0 (0) | n/a | — |
| Signage with health warnings* | |||||
| E-cigarette health warnings | 34 (19.0) | 0.42 | 32 (26.9) | 0.75 | .107 |
| CBD health warnings | n/a | — | 2 (1.7) | 1.00 | — |
| THC health warnings | n/a | — | 3 (2.5) | 0.66 | — |
| Kratom health warnings | n/a | — | 0 (0) | n/a | — |
| Signage with health claims | |||||
| Any signage with e-cigarette health or cessation claims | 52 (29.1) | 0.69 | 15 (12.6) | 0.63 | .001 |
| Any signage with CBD health claims | n/a | — | 10 (8.4) | 0.64 | — |
| Any signage with THC health claims | n/a | — | 4 (3.4) | 0.49 | — |
| Any signage with kratom health claims | n/a | — | 0 (0) | n/a | — |
| Signage with cartoon imagery | 49 (27.4) | 0.46 | 14 (11.8) | 0.84 | .001 |
| Shop/product apparel or paraphernalia | 104 (58.1) | 0.61 | 77 (64.7) | 0.77 | .253 |
| Membership, loyalty, or rewards programs | 74 (41.3) | 25 (21.0) | 0.75 | <.001 | |
| Advertising on social media | 47 (26.3) | 0.70 | 39 (32.8) | 0.65 | .224 |
| Delivery options (eg, free delivery) * | 5 (2.8) | 0.74 | n/a | — | — |
| Home delivery | n/a | — | 0 (0) | n/a | — |
| Curbside pickup | n/a | — | 14 (11.8) | 0.91 | — |
*Different assessments in 2018 versus 2021. n/a = not assessed.
§Significance level set at alpha = 0.01. intra-class correlations (ICCs) among metropolitan statistical areas were < .20, except for: (0.20–0.50) signage for device and e-liquid price promotions, CBD and THC products; and (>0.50) Kratom products/promotions, CBD health warnings and claims, membership/loyalty/rewards programs, and curbside pickup.