Table 1.
Participant Characteristics at Baseline
| Quit Sense (n = 104) |
Usual care (n = 105) |
Overall (n = 209) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at consent: mean (SD), range | 39.6 (10.0) | 42.6 (10.0) | 41.1 (10.0) |
| Gender: n (%) | |||
| Male | 45 (43.3%) | 48 (45.7%) | 93 (44.5%) |
| Female | 59 (56.7%) | 57 (54.3%) | 116 (55.5%) |
| Number of cigarettes smoked per day: n (%) | |||
| Less than 16 | 64 (61.5%) | 63 (60.0%) | 127 (60.8%) |
| 16 or more | 40 (38.5%) | 42 (40.0%) | 82 (39.2%) |
| Socioeconomic status: n (%) | |||
| Low | 30 (28.9%) | 31 (29.5%) | 61 (29.2%) |
| High | 74 (71.2%) | 74 (70.5%) | 148 (70.8%) |
| Socioeconomic grade: n (%) | |||
| 1 (highest) | 48 (57.1%) | 46 (65.7%) | 94 (61.0%) |
| 2 | 8 (9.5%) | 5 (7.1%) | 13 (8.4%) |
| 3 | 4 (4.8%) | 7 (10.0%) | 11 (7.1%) |
| 4 | 13 (15.5%) | 8 (11.4%) | 21 (13.6%) |
| 5 (lowest) | 11 (13.1%) | 4 (5.7%) | 15 (9.7%) |
| Missing | 20 | 35 | 55 |
| Ethnicity: n (%) | |||
| White | 95 (91.4%) | 96 (91.4%) | 191 (91.4%) |
| Indian | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (0.5%) |
| Pakistani | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.0%) |
| Bangladeshi | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.9%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| Black African | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.0%) |
| Black (Other) | 1 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) |
| Asian | 2 (1.9%) | 1 (1.0%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| Mixed Race | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.9%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| Not given | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.9%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| Number of cigarettes usually smoke a day: Mean (SD) | 15.4 (7.6) | 15.5 (6.5) | 15.4 (7.1) |
| Employment status: n (%) | |||
| In work during last 12 months | 83 (79.8%) | 70 (66.7%) | 153 (73.2%) |
| Out of work for more than 12 onths | 19 (18.3%) | 27 (25.7%) | 46 (22.0%) |
| Retired | 1 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) |
| Full-time student | 1 (1.0%) | 8 (7.6%) | 9 (4.3%) |
| Occupation: n (%) | |||
| Modern professional | 22 (26.2%) | 17 (24.3%) | 39 (25.3%) |
| Clerical | 9 (10.7%) | 9 (12.9%) | 18 (11.7%) |
| Senior manager/administration | 11 (13.1%) | 11 (15.7%) | 22 (14.3%) |
| Technical | 7 (8.3%) | 8 (11.4%) | 15 (9.7%) |
| Semi-routine manual/service | 13 (15.5%) | 6 (8.6%) | 19 (12.3%) |
| Routine manual/service | 7 (8.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | 9 (5.8%) |
| Middle/junior manager | 6 (7.1%) | 10 (14.3%) | 16 (10.4%) |
| Traditional professional | 9 (10.7%) | 7 (10.0%) | 16 (10.4%) |
| Missing | 20 | 35 | 55 |
| Highest Qualification: n (%) | |||
| No formal | 6 (5.8%) | 7 (6.7%) | 13 (6.2%) |
| GCSE or similar | 22 (21.2%) | 20 (19.1%) | 42 (20.1%) |
| A/AS Level or similar | 24 (23.1%) | 28 (26.7%) | 52 (24.9%) |
| Degree or similar | 46 (44.2%) | 44 (41.9%) | 90 (43.1%) |
| Other | 6 (5.8%) | 6 (5.7%) | 12 (5.7%) |
| Heaviness of smoking index: n (%) | |||
| Low | 36 (34.6%) | 29 (27.6%) | 65 (31.1%) |
| Moderate | 57 (54.8%) | 67 (63.8%) | 124 (59.3%) |
| High | 11 (10.6%) | 9 (8.6%) | 20 (9.6%) |
| Frequency of urges to smoke (FUTS): n (%) | |||
| A little of the time | 12 (11.5%) | 5 (4.8%) | 17 (8.1%) |
| Some of the time | 29 (27.9%) | 39 (37.1%) | 68 (32.5%) |
| A lot of the time | 39 (37.5%) | 47 (44.8%) | 86 (41.2%) |
| Almost all the time | 17 (16.4%) | 6 (5.7%) | 23 (11.0%) |
| All the time | 7 (6.7%) | 8 (7.6%) | 15 (7.2%) |
| Strength of urges to smoke (SUTS): n (%) | |||
| No urges | 1 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) |
| Slight urges | 5 (4.8%) | 6 (5.7%) | 11 (5.3%) |
| Moderate urges | 36 (34.6%) | 49 (46.7%) | 85 (40.7%) |
| Strong urges | 38 (36.5%) | 31 (29.5%) | 69 (33.0%) |
| Very strong urges | 20 (19.2%) | 14 (13.3%) | 34 (16.3%) |
| Extremely strong urges | 4 (3.9%) | 5 (4.8%) | 9 (4.3%) |
| EQ-5D-5L utility score: mean (SD) | 0.79 (0.22) | 0.77 (0.21) | 0.78 (0.22) |
| Missing | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| WISDM Automaticity subscale score: mean (SD) | 4.71 (1.87) | 4.79 (1.62) | 4.75 (1.75) |
| WISDM Associative processes subscale score: mean (SD) | 4.70 (1.34) | 4.50 (1.34) | 4.60 (1.34) |
| Self-efficacy score: mean (SD) | 1.69 (0.92) | 1.65 (0.81) | 1.67 (0.87) |
WISDM = Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives.