Figure 1.

Toy example of how differential LD by local ancestry can induce HetLanc

(A) Admixed populations contain haplotypes with different local ancestry at the causal or tagged SNP.

(B) The correlation between tagged and causal SNPs depends on their local ancestry due to differential LD by local ancestry.

(C) In a GWAS, the estimated marginal SNP effect size is proportional to the true causal effect size and the correlation between the tagged and causal SNPs (${\hat{\beta }}_{tag,i}\propto {\rho }_i{\beta }_{causal,i}$, where $i$ refers to the $i_{th}$ ancestry).