TABLE 3.
Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT): Baseline Eye Health Screening, Eye Exam, and Referral to Ophthalmology
| Variable | Total Participants (n = 708) | Intervention Group (n = 454) | Usual Care Group (n = 254) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Failed Eye Health Screening, n (%) | 555 (78.4) | 364 (80.2) | 191 (75.2) | .123 |
| Reason for Failure, n (%) | ||||
| Visual acuity 20/40 or worse | 497 (70.2) | 338 (74.4) | 159 (62.6) | .001a |
| IOP ≥23 mm Hg | 49 (6.9) | 33 (7.3) | 16 (6.3) | .626 |
| Unreadable image | 175 (24.7) | 95 (20.9) | 80 (31.5) | .002a |
| Visual Acuity Based on Worse Eye (Snellen), mean logMAR ± SD IOP (mm Hg), Mean ± SD | 0.49 ± 0.50 | 0.51 ± 0.50 | 0.45 ± 0.49 | .094 |
| Left eye (n = 706) | 14.8 ± 4.3 | 14.8 ± 4.4 | 14.9 ± 4.2 | .673 |
| Right eye (n = 705) | 14.9 ± 4.4 | 15.0 ± 4.6 | 14.7 ± 4.1 | .296 |
| Fast-tracked participants IOP ≥30 mm Hg, n (%) | 7 (1.0) | 5 (1.1) | 2 (0.8) | .686 |
| Telemedicine Image Reading Results by Worse Eye, n (%) (n = 704) | ||||
| Normal image | 255 (36.0) | 172 (379) | 83 (32.7) | .166 |
| Abnormal image, no significance | 26 (3.7) | 14 (3.1) | 12 (4.7) | 0.266 |
| Abnormal image | 248 (35.0) | 169 (372) | 79 (31.1) | .101 |
| Unreadable | 175 (24.7) | 95 (20.9) | 80 (31.5) | .002a |
| Reasons for Abnormal Image, n (%) | ||||
| Glaucoma findings | 138 (19.5) | 94 (20.7) | 44 (173) | .276 |
| Retinal findings | 157 (22.2) | 110 (24.2) | 47 (18.5) | .079 |
| Optometrist Referral to Ophthalmology, n (%) | 218 (30.8) | 135 (29.7) | 83 (32.7) | .181 |
| Optometrist Eye Examination Findings (Refer to Ophthalmology), n (%) | ||||
| Glaucoma/suspect | 51 (7.2) | 39 (8.6) | 12 (4.7) | .056 |
| Retinal abnormalities | 17 (2.4) | 12 (2.6) | 5 (2.0) | .574 |
| Cataract | 74 (10.5) | 48 (10.6) | 26 (10.2) | .888 |
| Other ocular diagnoses | 22 (3.1) | 17 (3.7) | 5 (2.0) | .191 |
| Refraction | 7 (1.0) | 5 (1.1) | 2 (0.8) | .686 |
| Annual dilated eye examination | 103 (14.5) | 54 (11.9) | 49 (19.3) | .007a |
| All Referrals to Ophthalmology, n (%) | 468 (66.1) | 305 (67.2) | 163 (64.2) | .417 |
IOP = intraocular pressure; logMAR = logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; NYC-SIGHT = New York City–Screening and Interven- tion for Glaucoma and Eye Health Through Telemedicine.
a
Statistically significant at P < .05 level.