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. 2023 Jun 10;14:3438. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39235-5

Fig. 3. Mechanical properties of the cement paste, ice-templated cement, and cement-hydrogel composite.

Fig. 3

a Stress−strain curves during three-point flexural tests. b Flexural strength and flexural toughness. c Toughness comparisons between the cement-hydrogel composite and other materials49,43,5052.