Table 3.

Multinomial logistic regression models (shown in log odds ratios) for the follow-up status based on three sub-samples^e

	Model 1 (base outcome: Without)			Model 2 (base outcome: FL only)			Model 3 (base outcome: Disability)
	FL only	Disability	Died	Without	Disability	Died	Without	FL only	Died
Pain	0.445***	0.498***	0.044	−0.712**	0.111	−0.411	−0.623***	−0.463**	−0.059
Less than high school (ref.)
Complete high school but no college degree	−0.378**	−0.225*	−0.223	−0.467*	−0.169	−0.396	0.142	−0.076	0.032
College degree	−1.177***	−0.291**	−1.090***	−0.176	−0.077	−0.438	0.536**	−0.043	−0.113
Pain X Complete high school but no college degree				0.593*	0.058	−0.014	0.150	0.490*	−0.017
Pain X College degree				0.828*	0.278	0.278	0.265	0.177	−0.187
65–69 (ref.)
70–74	0.381*	0.089	1.090**	−0.016	0.169	1.204+	−0.093	0.096	−0.116
75–79	0.540**	0.310**	1.234**	−0.349	0.314	1.331+	−0.503***	0.294	0.268
80–84	0.892***	0.565***	1.672***	−0.892***	0.096	1.364*	−1.004***	0.237	0.490*
85–89	1.266***	0.906***	2.183***	−0.764**	0.474*	1.819**	−1.225***	0.082	0.751***
90 and above	1.497***	1.160***	3.242***	−1.237***	0.444+	2.155**	−2.105***	−0.188	1.106***
Female	0.452***	−0.039	−0.715***	−0.019	0.123	−0.431*	−0.260**	0.196+	−0.553***
Whites (ref.)
Blacks	0.279*	0.274**	0.172	−0.329*	0.119	−0.081	−0.466***	−0.059	−0.060
Others	0.865**	0.217	−0.336	0.117	0.126	−1.557*	−0.003	0.705**	−0.274
Hispanics	0.647***	0.312+	−0.600	−0.340	0.036	−0.551+	−0.453*	0.195	−0.395**
Married (ref.)
Separated/divorced	0.456***	0.159	0.596*	−0.238	0.070	0.176	−0.195	0.311*	0.097
Windowed	0.403***	0.198*	0.559**	−0.307*	−0.009	0.047	−0.129	0.165	0.176*
Never married	0.628*	0.076	0.736+	−0.781*	−0.326	0.013	−0.284	0.564*	−0.497*
Proxy interview	−0.340	0.260	1.122*	0.626	1.851***	1.244*	−1.746***	−1.627***	1.173***
Community	−0.197	−0.592***	−0.356	0.628*	−0.089	0.005	0.666***	0.497**	−0.169+
2011 (ref.)
2012	−0.066	0.054	0.391 +	−0.034	0.166	0.019	−0.159	−0.061	0.228*
2013	−0.064	0.018	0.234	0.059	0.305*	0.473+	−0.221*	−0.136	0.067
2014	−0.255+	0.094	0.288	−0.249	−0.230	−0.317	−0.292**	−0.172	−0.306*
2015	−0.202	0.004	0.123	−0.295	−0.230	0.202	−0.250*	−0.485***	−0.109
2016	−0.198	0.204+	0.254	−0.168	0.090	0.501+	−0.170	−0.275+	0.088
2017	0.023	0.011	−0.511	−0.595**	0.322+	−0.139	−0.361**	−0.277+	0.019
2018	−0.246	−0.078	0.521+	0.013	0.437*	0.420	−0.302*	−0.245	0.044
2019	−0.040	0.136	−0.528	−0.053	0.161	−0.326	−0.563***	−0.117	0.092
Constant	−2.909***	−1.525***	−4.601***	0.138	−0.474	−2.812***	−0.847**	−2.574***	−2.273***

^eWithout refers to without functional limitation or disability and FL refers to functional limitation.

⁺p<0.1,

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01,

^***p < 0.001