Table 2.

OR from multivariate LR models for PDR, refDR, and DME

Outcome	β	OR	95% CI
PDR
Covariate
Insulin (0/1)	1.333	3.768	3.439–4.129
HgbA1c (%)	0.150	1.162	1.140–1.185
Age at visit (years)	−0.030	0.966	0.964–0.969
Systolic BP (mmHg)	0.010	1.010	1.008–1.013
BMI (kg/m2)	−0.020	0.975	0.969–0.980
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (0/1)	0.743	2.104	1.936–2.286
LDL (mg/dL)	0.002	1.002	1.002–1.004
UACR (mg/g)	0.003	1.003	1.003–1.004
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.205	1.238	1.195–1.263
refDR
Covariate
Insulin (0/1)	1.097	2.996	2.897–3.098
HgbA1c (%)	0.251	1.285	1.275–1.296
Age at visit (years)	−0.222	0.978	0.977–0.979
Systolic BP (mmHg)	0.011	1.011	1.010–1.012
BMI (kg/m2)	−0.023	0.976	0.975–0.979
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (0/1)	0.349	1.418	1.369–1.468
LDL (mg/dL)	0.002	1.002	1.002–1.003
UACR (mg/g)	0.002	1.002	1.002–1.003
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.139	1.149	1.127–1.172
DME
Covariate
Insulin (0/1)	1.003	2.727	2.596–2.865
HgbA1c (%)	0.123	1.130	1.116–1.145
Age at visit (years)	0.005	1.005	1.003–1.006
Systolic BP (mmHg)	0.009	1.009	1.007–1.010
BMI (kg/m2)	−0.013	0.986	0.983–0.990
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (0/1)	0.376	1.457	1.389–1.529
LDL (mg/dL)	0.004	1.004	1.004–1.005
UACR (mg/g)	0.002	1.002	1.002–1.003
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.120	1.127	1.102–1.154

Nonstandardized ORs from multivariate LR models of all nine covariates were calculated for each outcome. The 95% CIs are included. All P values were <0.001. BP, blood pressure; HgbA_1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.