Table 3.

COPD Patients Who Received Triple Therapy Only

	Crude				Fully Adjusted Model				Reduced (Stepwise)
	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval		P value	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval		P value	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval		P value
		Lower	Upper			Lower	Upper			Lower	Upper
History
Acute respiratory failure	1.883	1.654	2.143	<0.0001	1.48	1.294	1.693	<0.0001	1.48	1.294	1.691	<0.0001
Pneumonia	1.340	1.260	1.425	<0.0001	1.275	1.192	1.363	<0.0001	1.264	1.187	1.346	<0.0001
Comorbidities
Lung cancer	2.095	1.816	2.416	<0.0001	1.195	0.804	1.776	0.3788	–	–	–	–
Thoracic malignancies	2.077	1.816	2.374	<0.0001	1.586	1.091	2.306	0.0157	1.854	1.618	2.124	<0.0001
Bronchiectasis	1.102	0.974	1.246	0.1219	1.074	0.95	1.216	0.2546	–	–	–	–
Hypertensive diseases	1.205	1.139	1.275	<0.0001	1.093	1.029	1.16	0.0037	1.106	1.044	1.172	0.0006
Ischemic heart disease	1.161	1.088	1.239	<0.0001	1.031	0.952	1.117	0.4503	–	–	–	–
Heart failure	1.563	1.444	1.692	<0.0001	1.434	1.32	1.558	<0.0001	1.446	1.334	1.568	<0.0001
Stroke	1.296	1.161	1.447	<0.0001	1.165	1.041	1.303	0.0076	1.167	1.043	1.305	0.0069
Myocardial infarction	1.166	1.056	1.287	0.0024	0.999	0.888	1.125	0.9929	–	–	–	–
Cancer	1.636	1.477	1.813	<0.0001	1.436	1.294	1.595	<0.0001	1.437	1.295	1.596	<0.0001
Diabetes mellitus	1.190	1.103	1.283	<0.0001	1.059	0.979	1.145	0.1537	–	–	–	–
Renal diseases	1.939	1.707	2.203	<0.0001	1.605	1.408	1.828	<0.0001	1.611	1.415	1.835	<0.0001
Dementia/Alzheimer’s disease	1.799	1.474	2.195	<0.0001	1.487	1.216	1.819	0.0001	1.499	1.226	1.833	<0.0001