Table 2.
Recipient Characteristics by Era (COPD Transplants: January 1992-June 2018)
| Jan 1992-Dec 2000 (N = 4,162) | Jan 2001-Dec 2009 (N = 7,102) | Jan 2010-Jun 2018 (N = 8,917) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geographic Location | ||||
| - Europe | 23.0% | 35.0% | 44.5% | <0.0001 |
| - North America | 71.1% | 58.2% | 46.5% | |
| - Other | 5.8% | 6.8% | 9.0% | |
| Age (years) (continuous) | 55.0 (42.0–64.0) | 58.0 (45.0–66.0) | 60.0 (48.0–69.0) | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) (categorical) | ||||
| - 18–29 | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.2% | <0.0001 |
| - 30–39 | 2.6% | 1.3% | 0.7% | |
| - 40–49 | 17.9% | 10.8% | 6.4% | |
| - 50–59 | 54.9% | 48.5% | 40.9% | |
| - 60–69 | 23.9% | 38.3% | 49.2% | |
| - ≥70 | 0.2% | 0.7% | 3.5% | |
| Female | 51.7% | 48.5% | 46.7% | <0.0001 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.6 (45.4–91.6) | 66.7 (47.0–93.4) | 68.0 (47.8–94.0) | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 168.0 (153.0–185.0) | 167.9 (154.0–183.0) | 169.0 (154.9–184.0) | 0.0015 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 (17.0–30.9) | 23.6 (17.7–30.5) | 23.8 (17.9–30.6) | <0.0001 |
| ABO blood type | ||||
| - A | 42.1% | 43.5% | 43.9% | 0.2239 |
| - AB | 4.9% | 5.0% | 4.6% | |
| - B | 11.0% | 10.8% | 11.5% | |
| - O | 42.0% | 40.6% | 40.0% | |
| PRA ≥ 20% | 3.1% | 5.9% | 13.1% | <0.0001 |
| PRA ≥ 80% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 2.1% | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 2.5% | 5.7% | 8.4% | <0.0001 |
| History of malignancy | 3.1% | 5.5% | 8.1% | <0.0001 |
| History of smoking | - | 94.9% | 95.7% | 0.1602 |
| Pre-transplant dialysis | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.1971 |
| Previous lung surgery | 18.4%a | 12.6% | 7.4% | <0.0001 |
| Hospitalized | 4.9% | 5.6% | 6.6% | 0.0096 |
| Ventilator use | 1.2% | 1.9% | 2.3% | 0.0034 |
| ECMO use | 0.0% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.0021 |
| CMV antibody positive | 70.2% | 65.3% | 59.7% | <0.0001 |
| EBV antibody positive | 77.6%b | 86.6% | 93.1% | <0.0001 |
| Hepatitis B antibody positive | 2.2%a | 4.2% | 5.9% | <0.0001 |
| Hepatitis C antibody positive | 1.6%a | 2.1% | 2.6% | 0.022 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1)a | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3)a | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | <0.0001 |
| GFR (ml/min/1.73m2)c | 86.7 (51.3–147.0)a | 87.3 (50.5–142.1) | 91.0 (55.0–147.1) | <0.0001 |
| PCW mean (mm Hg) | 11.0 (4.0–21.0)a | 12.0 (5.0–22.0) | 12.0 (5.0–23.0) | <0.0001 |
| PA mean (mm Hg) | 24.0 (15.0–38.0)a | 25.0 (15.0–38.0) | 25.0 (16.0–41.0) | <0.0001 |
| PVR (woods unit) | 2.6 (1.0–5.3)a | 2.5 (1.0–5.5) | 2.6 (1.0–6.1) | 0.0251 |
| FEV1% predicted | 19.0 (11.0–50.0) | 20.0 (12.0–61.0) | 20.0 (12.0–60.0) | <0.0001 |
| FVC% predicted | 50.0 (26.0–79.0) | 51.0 (28.0–83.0) | 53.0 (30.0–87.0) | <0.0001 |
| Donor-recipient sex match | ||||
| - Male-male | 40.1% | 44.0% | 46.5% | <0.0001 |
| - Male-female | 24.5% | 18.6% | 18.9% | |
| - Female-male | 8.1% | 7.5% | 6.9% | |
| - Female-female | 27.4% | 29.9% | 27.8% | |
| Transplant procedure | ||||
| - Single | 74.8% | 47.6% | 23.5% | <0.0001 |
| - Double/bilateral | 25.2% | 52.4% | 76.5% |
Continuous factors are expressed as median (fifth – 95th percentiles).
Summary statistics included transplants with known/non-missing data.
a
Based on Apr 1994 – Dec 2000 transplants.
b
Based on Oct 1999– Dec 2000 transplants.
c
GFR was estimated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
BMI, body mass index; CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; PA, pulmonary artery pressure; PCW, pulmonary capillary wedge; PRA, panel reactive antibody; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance.