Table 2.

Frailty and Comorbidity Model Comparisons Predicting Referral to Social Work for Elder Abuse Evaluation

Independent variable, OR (95% CI)	Model 1 VA-FI Unadjusted	Model 2 VA-FI + covariates	Model 3 Elixhauser + covariates	Model 4 VA-FI + Elixhauser + covariates
VA Frailty Index
Robust	Ref	Ref		Ref
Pre-frail	2.1 (1.9 – 2.3)	2.0 (1.9 – 2.2)		1.7 (1.5 – 1.8)
Frail	5.8 (5.4 – 6.2)	5.5 (5.1 – 5.9)		3.6 (3.3 – 3.9)
Elixhauser Index
≤ −5			2.8 (2.6 – 3.0)	1.8 (1.7 – 2.0)
−4 to −1			2.8 (2.5 – 3.0)	1.7 (1.6 – 1.9)
0			Ref	Ref
1–7			2.5 (2.3 – 2.7)	1.6 (1.5 – 1.7)
≥ 8			4.2 (4.0 – 4.5)	2.2 (2.1 – 2.4)
Age group
60–64		Ref	Ref	Ref
65–69		1.2 (1.1 – 1.3)	1.3 (1.2 – 1.4)	1.2 (1.1 – 1.3)
70–74		1.2 (1.1 – 1.4)	1.5 (1.4 – 1.6)	1.3 (1.2 – 1.4)
75–59		1.2 (1.1 – 1.3)	1.6 (1.5 – 1.8)	1.3 (1.1 – 1.4)
80–84		1.4 (1.2 – 1.5)	1.9 (1.7 – 2.0)	1.4 (1.3 – 1.6)
≥85		1.6 (1.5 – 1.8)	2.3 (2.1 – 2.5)	1.7 (1.5 – 1.8)
Female sex		2.3 (2.1 – 2.6)	2.5 (2.2 – 2.8)	2.4 (2.1 – 2.7)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white		Ref	Ref	Ref
Non-Hispanic Black		1.6 (1.5 – 1.7)	1.5 (1.4 – 1.6)	1.6 (1.5 – 1.7)
Hispanic		1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)	1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)	1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)
Multiple or another race		1.3 (1.2 – 1.6)	1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)	1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)
National ADI scaled		1.3 (1.3 – 1.3)	1.3 (1.2 – 1.3)	1.3 (1.2 – 1.3)
AIC range (10 imputations)	45,779*	44,906 – 44,932	45,528 – 45,554	44,425 – 44,452

^*Single value presented as no imputations needed for unadjusted model

VA-FI = VA Frailty Index; ADI = area deprivation index; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval