Table 2.
Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic characteristics and treatment practices of the study cohort.
| Characteristics | Number of patients with missing data | Overall study cohort n = 1004 % (95% C.I.) |
|---|---|---|
| NYHA functional Class | Nil | |
| Class I | 5.3% (4.0% 6.9%) | |
| Class II | 63% (59.8% 65.8%) | |
| Class III | 21.7% (19.2% 24.4%) | |
| Class IV | 10.1% | |
| Angina | 10 | 25.0% (22.4% 27.9%) |
| History of Syncope | Nil | 9.85% (8.1% 11.9%) |
| Past CVA/peripheral embolism | Nil | 2.3% (1.5% 3.5%) |
| Electrocardiogram | 174 | |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 13.6% (11.4% 16.2%) | |
| Complete heart block | 0.9% (0.4% 2.0%) | |
| Left bundle branch block (LBBB) | 33.1% (29.9% 36.5%) | |
| Right Bundle branch block (RBBB) | 4.0% (2.8% 5.7%) | |
| QRS duration (mean±sd) milliseconds | 245 | 107.1 ± 33.9 |
| QRS duration (≥150 ms) | 17.6% (15.0% 20.5%) | |
| Echocardiography | Nil | |
| LVEF (mean±sd) | Nil | 29.3% ± 7.02% |
| LVEF ≤20% | Nil | 13.6% (11.6% 16.0%) |
| LVEF (21%–30%) | Nil | 40.08% (37.1% 43.3%) |
| LVEF ≥31%–40%) | Nil | 46.2% (43.1% 49.4%) |
| TAPSE | 389 | 17.6 ± 6.88 |
| Right ventricular dysfunction | 389 | 36.9% (33.1% 40.9%) |
| Right Heart Failure | 204 | 25.5% (22.6% 28.8%) |
| Tricuspid regurgitation) | 6 | 58.7% (55.5% 61.8%) |
| PAH (TR velocity≥3.0 m/s) | 6 | 44.7% (40.5% 49.0%) |
| Severe Mitral Regurgitation | Nil | 11.5% (9.7% 13.8%) |
| Moderate AR | Nil | 6 (0.6% (0.2% 1.4%) |
| Severe Aortic stenosis | Nil | 3 (0.3% (0.1% 1.0%) |
| E/e’ (≥15) yes | 507 | 59% (54.5% 63.3%) |
| Blood biochemistry | ||
| Hyponatremia (≤134 meq/L) | 194 | 11.6% (9.5% 14.1%) |
| Hyperkalemia (≥5.5 meq/L) | 195 | 11.5% (9.5% 14.0%) |
| Hypokalemia (≤3.4 meq/L) | 195 | 6.33% (4.8% 8.3%) |
| Hyperuricemia (≥7.0 mg/dl) | 419 | 48.7% (44.6% 52.8%) |
| Hypocalcaemia (≤8.0 mg/dl) | 430 | 17.4% (14.5% 20.8%) |
| Treatment | ||
| Beta-Blockers | 187 | 81.3% (78.8% 83.7%) |
| Rennin angiotensin Aldosterone system | 201 | 80% (73.3% 82.4%) |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 239 | 76.2% (73.5% 78.8%) |
| Automatic intracardiac defibrillator | 2 | 0.3% (0.1, 1.0%) |
| Cardiac resynchronization therapy | 2 | 0.2% (0.0% 1.8%) |
Abbreviations: LVEF; left ventricular ejection fraction, TAPSE; tricuspid annular peak systolic excursion, PAH; pulmonary artery hypertension.