Table 1.
Participant Characteristics at Baseline
| Characteristic | Included in Study |
Excluded From Study |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never-Never | Former-Former | Current-Former | Current-Current | Othera | Failed Methylation Measurementb | Not Participating in Follow-up | |
| Individuals, No. | 1,313 | 1,144 | 575 | 1,400 | 146 | 386 | 4,468 |
| Methylation, % | 64.2 (60.4; 68.0) | 60.4 (55.6; 65.0) | 51.2 (48.1; 56.3) | 50.0 (47.1; 53.3) | 59.4 (53.6; 64.1) | ... | 54.2 (49.1; 61.3) |
| Male | 449 (34.2) | 548 (47.9) | 268 (46.6) | 607 (43.4) | 70 (48.0) | 139 (36.0) | 2,105 (47.1) |
| Age, y | 53.2 (39.5; 64.0) | 58.7 (47.2; 67.0) | 54.5 (42.5; 63.4) | 53.9 (44.0; 61.4) | 50.6 (37.8; 61.0) | 56.2 (43.3; 68.3) | 66.7 (54.8; 74.0) |
| Cumulative smoking, pack-yc | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 10.5 (3.8; 24.0) | 18.6 (9.0; 31.2) | 25.7 (15.0; 37.5) | 3.0 (0.0; 17.0) | 8.0 (0.0; 26.3) | 20.0 (1.5; 38.4) |
| Smoking intensity, cigarettes per d | 0 (0; 0) | 0 (0; 0) | 13 (7; 20) | 15 (10; 20) | 8 (0; 16) | 10 (0; 20) | 12 (2; 20) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.8 (22.4; 27.8) | 25.4 (23.1; 27.9) | 24.4 (22.2; 26.8) | 24.0 (22.1; 26.8) | 25.1 (22.4; 27.9) | 24.9 (22.1; 28.5) | 25.2 (22.6; 28.4) |
| Alcohol, units/wkd | 4 (1; 9) | 6 (2; 12) | 7 (2; 14) | 7 (2; 16) | 7 (3; 15) | 5 (0; 11) | 5 (0; 13) |
| Education, y | 10 (8; 12) | 10 (7; 12) | 9 (7; 12) | 9 (7; 11) | 10 (8; 12) | 9 (7; 12) | 8 (7; 10) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 130 (118; 145) | 135 (121; 151) | 130 (120; 143) | 130 (119; 142) | 132 (120; 145) | 135 (120; 152) | 140 (126; 158) |
| COPD | 2 (0.2) | 9 (0.8) | 3 (0.5) | 4 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.8) | 131 (2,9) |
| Diabetes | 31 (2.4) | 31 (2.7) | 11 (1.9) | 25 (1.8) | 1 (0.7) | 14 (3.6) | 298 (6.7) |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.45 (1.14; 2.14) | 1.52 (1.18; 2.37) | 1.58 (1.21; 2.51) | 1.65 (1.25; 2.79) | 1.47 (1.15; 2.22) | 1.65 (1.17; 2.74) | 1.99 (1.35; 3.64) |
| Lung function, FEV1/FVC ratio | 0.82 (0.78; 0.86) | 0.80 (0.75; 0.84) | 0.79 (0.73; 0.84) | 0.78 (0.73; 0.83) | 0.80 (0.76; 0.84) | 0.80 (0.75; 0.84) | 0.77 (0.70; 0.82) |
Data are presented as median (25 percentile; 75 percentile) for continuous variables or as No. (%) for categorical variables. CRP = C-reactive protein.
a
Other: Never-Current, Former-Current, Never-Former.
b
Individuals with failed methylation measurement at baseline (n = 198) or follow-up (n = 188).
c
One pack year = 20 cigarettes per day over 1 year.
d
1 unit = 12 g alcohol.