Table 2.
Risk of bias assessment in studies
| Author/Year | Items | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
| Bai et al., 2010 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Bradbury et al., 2002 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | --- |
| Caggiano et al., 2005 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Cheng et al., 2015 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Führmann et al., 2018 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| García-Alías et al., 2008 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| García-Alías et al., 2009 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| García-Alías et al., 2011 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Grosso et al., 2014 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Huang et al., 2006 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- |
| Ishikawa et al., 2015 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | --- |
| Janzadeh et al., 2017 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Karimi-Abdolrezaee et al., 2010 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Kim et al., 2006 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Lee et al., 2012 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | --- |
| Liu et al., 2018 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Mountney et al., 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Ni et al., 2015 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Novotna et al., 2011 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Pan et al., 2018 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Raspa et al., 2019 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Sarveazad et al., 2014 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Sarveazad et al., 2017 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Shinozaki et al., 2016 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Takeuchi et al., 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Tom et al., 2009 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Wang et al., 2011a | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Wang et al., 2011b | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Xia et al., 2015 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
| Xia et al., 2017 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Xiong et al., 2016 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ |
| Yang et al., 2009 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Yoo et al., 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- |
| Zhao et al., 2013 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | --- | ✓ | --- | ✓ | ✓ | --- |
Notes: ✓: Low risk; ---: High risk.
Items:
- 1) Species;
- 2) Designation of strain;
- 3) Age/weight;
- 4) Genetic background;
- 5) Number of animals per group;
- 6) Definition of control;
- 7) Method of allocation to treatments;
- 8) Severity of injury;
- 9) Level of injury;
- 10) Bladder expression;
- 11) Using appropriate tests;
- 12) Blindness of assessor;
- 13) Description of statistical analysis;
- 14) Regulation and ethics;
- 15) Description of the reasons to exclude animals from the experiment during the study (attrition).