Table 3: Results of univariate analysis with 518 cases by using Cox proportional hazards.

Risk factor	Cox p-value	Hazard ratio	95.0% Confidence interval
Male sex	0.010	1.466	1.097–1.959
Diabetes type	0.504	1.202	0.701–2.061
Age	0.002	1.018	1.007–1.030
Smoking versus nonsmoking	0.040	1.004	1.000–1.008
Diabetes duration	0.060	1.014	0.999–1.028
Gangrenous* versus non-gangrenous Wagner grade	<0.001	4.467	3.378–5.907
Wagner 3 versus Wagner 0–2	<0.001	3.483	2.253–5.382
Wagner 4 versus Wagner 0–2	<0.001	7.306	5.003–10.668
Wagner 5 versus Wagner 0–2	<0.001	10.793	5.997–19.426
Nephropathy	0.051	1.958	0.999–1.958
Glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2	0.006	1.441	1.113–1.867
Glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2	0.003	1.670	1.189–2.344
Being on dialysis	0.006	1.700	1.166–2.480
Retinopathy	0.293	1.219	0.843–1.764
Neuropathy	<0.001	0.510	0.375–0.693
Atherosclerotic peripheral arteries (atherosclerosis and PAD versus non atherosclerosis)	<0.001	5.212	3.209–8.466
Cerebral arterial disease	0.005	1.660	1.168–2.360
Coronary vascular disease	0.360	1.155	0.848–1.573
Ischaemic versus neuropathic pathogenesis	<0.001	3.167	2.163–4.636
Neuroischaemic versus neuropathic pathogenesis	<0.001	2.492	1.810–3.430
Hypertension	0.001	1.968	1.300–2.980
Congestive heart failure	0.010	1.559	1.110–2.189
Hypercholesterolaemia	<0.001	3.501	2.323–5.276
Hypertriglyceridaemia	0.016	1.383	1.063–1.801
Chronic respiratory disease	0.428	1.209	0.756–1.932
Hepatosteatosis	0.473	1.131	0.807–1.585
High-density lipoprotein	<0.001	2.663	1.990–3.564
Presence of infection	<0.001	3.515	2.082–5.934
C-reactive protein >2.12 mg/dL	<0.001	3.708	2.744–5.010
Haematocrit <33.0%	<0.001	3.022	2.326–3.925
Albumin <3.5 g/dL	<0.001	2.717	2.079–3.553
White blood cell >10.2×103/µL	<0.001	2.415	1.859–3.138
Platelet count >318×103/µL	<0.001	2.291	1.764–2.975
Haemoglobin A1c	0.719	0.990	0.935–1.047

Of the 518 patients included in the study, 311 had undergone amputation.

*Gangrenous Wagner defined as Wagner scores 4 and 5.