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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Cardiol. 2023 Mar 30;195:27–27.c3. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.02.026

Table 1.

Characteristics of study participants

Variables All with Adjudicated
HF Hospitalization
(n=362)
Aware, with self-reported
HF history
(n=248)
Unaware, without
self-reported HF history
(n=114)
HF-characteristics
Number of HF hospitalizations prior to 2nd CATI, mean (SD) 1.4 (0.9) 1.5 (1.0) 1.2 (0.5)
Duration between first HF hospitalization and 2nd CATI in years, mean (SD) 4.4 (2.7) 4.3 (2.8) 4.6 (2.5)
HFrEF/HFmrEF, n (%) 183 (50.6%) 132 (53.2%) 51 (44.7%)
Age 75.9 (8.5) 75.2 (8.6) 77.4 (7.9)
Female, n (%) 187 (51.7%) 127 (51.2%) 60 (52.6%)
Black, n (%) 175 (48.3%) 130 (52.4%) 45 (39.5%)
Region, n (%)
 Southeast (Stroke belt or stroke buckle) 206 (56.9%) 137 (55.2%) 69 (60.5%)
 Non-stroke belt 152 (42.0%) 108 (43.6%) 44 (38.6%)
Low education (less than high school), n (%) 53 (14.6%) 33 (13.3%) 20 (17.5%)
Low income (<$35,000) 180 (49.7%) 126 (50.8%) 54 (47.4%)
Lives in high-poverty zip code 76 (21.0%) 48 (19.4%) 28 (24.6%)
Poor public health infrastructure, n (%) 130 (35.9%) 85 (34.3%) 45 (39.5%)
Lack of health insurance 6 (1.7%) 3 (1.2%) 3 (2.6%)
DSST score (cognition) 28.9 (12.0) 29.5 (12.4) 27.8 (11.0)
Confidence in filling out medical forms (health literacy), mean (SD) 3.8 (1.2) 3.9 (1.2) 3.7 (1.2)
History of CHD 202 (55.8%) 146 (58.9%) 56 (49.1%)
Number of medications 11.9 (4.8) 12.3 (4.8) 11.1 (4.6)

CATI = computer-assisted telephone interview; CHD = coronary heart disease; DSST = digit symbol substitution test (score based on the count of numbers matched to symbols; higher scores indicate better cognition); HF = heart failure characteristics; HFrEF = heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Frequency (%) and mean (SD) are presented as appropriate. Confidence in filling out medical forms is scored from 1 to 5, wherein 5 is most confident and 1 is least confident.