Table 1.
Main characteristics of included studies.
| - |
1990 – 1999
(n = 12) |
2000 – 2009
(n = 25) |
2010 – 2020
(n = 37) |
Total
(n = 74) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
|
Geographical area USA Europe Canada Other Not pertinent |
7 3 1 2 |
58.3 25.0 8.3 16.7 |
13 11 1 |
52.0 44.0 4.0 |
10 15 4 4 4 |
27.0 40.5 10.8 10.8 10.8 |
30 29 5 5 6 |
40.5 39.2 6.8 6.8 8.1 |
|
Design Case control Cohort Systematic review / meta-analysis Other |
3 6 2 1 |
25.0 50.0 16.7 8.3 |
13 12 4 |
52.0 48.0 16.0 |
19 12 3 5 |
51.4 32.4 8.1 13.5 |
35 30 5 10 |
47.3 40.5 6.8 13.5 |
|
Source of outcome data Administrative database Epidemiological database Medical chart / Hospital discharge report Death certificate Autopsies Patient’s registry Mortality registry Contact with physician and/or relatives Other |
5 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 3 |
41.7 8.3 16.7 8.3 16.7 16.7 8.3 8.3 25.0 |
11 6 10 6 7 3 4 3 1 |
44.0 24.0 40.0 24.0 28.0 12.0 16.0 12.0 4.0 |
12 7 12 8 5 6 6 1 4 |
32.4 18.9 32.4 21.6 13.5 16.2 16.2 2.7 10.8 |
28 14 24 15 14 11 11 5 8 |
37.8 18.9 32.4 20.3 18.9 14.9 14.9 6.8 10.8 |
|
Outcome Composite variable SCD SD Mortality by any cause CA SUDEP SIDS Cardiovascular mortality Cardiac mortality VA |
3 2 2 1 2 1 1 |
25.0 16.7 16.7 8.3 16.7 8.3 8.3 |
6 8 7 1 2 1 |
24.0 32.0 28.0 4.0 8.0 4.0 |
17 8 5 5 4 4 1 3 1 |
45.9 21.6 13.5 13.5 10.8 10.8 2.7 8.1 2.7 |
26 18 14 6 5 6 4 3 2 1 |
35.1 24.3 18.9 8.1 6.8 8.1 5.4 4.1 2.7 1.4 |
|
Source of exposure data Prescription data Dispensing data Clinical trial Contact with relatives Toxicology at autopsy Other |
5 5 1 3 |
41.7 41.7 8.3 25.0 |
17 6 2 1 |
68.0 24.0 8.0 4.0 |
22 6 2 1 5 |
59.5 16.2 5.4 2.7 13.5 |
44 17 3 3 1 8 |
59.5 23.0 4.1 4.1 1.4 10.8 |
|
Control of confounding Adjusted analysis Unadjusted analysis Other a |
7 3 2 |
58.3 25.0 16.7 |
21 4 |
84.0 16.0 |
30 4 3 |
81.1 10.8 8.1 |
58 11 5 |
78.4 14.9 6.8 |
Note: aMeta-analysis, systematic reviews
Abbreviations: CA: cardiac arrest; SCD: sudden cardiac death; SD: sudden death; SIDS: sudden infant death syndrome; SUDEP: sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.