. 2022 Dec 22;2(1):R1–R13. doi: 10.1530/EO-21-0033

Table 3.

Clinical characteristics and history of malignancy in patients with pituitary adenoma and their families. Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature Ltd., Pekic S, Soldatovic I, Miljic D, Stojanovic M, Doknic M, Petakov M & Popovic V, Hormones and Cancer, Familial cancer clustering in patients with prolactinoma, © 2019.

	Acromegaly	Prolactinoma	NFPA	Total	P
n	220	372	470	1062
Male sex (%)	86 (39.1)^p	96 (25.8)^{a, n}	204 (43.4)^p	386 (36.3)	0.001
Age (mean ± s.d., years)
Actual age	54.9 ± 13.5^p	41.1 ± 13.8^{a, n}	55.5 ± 16.5^p	50.6 ± 16.5	0.001
At diagnosis of PA	47.2 ± 13.6^{p, n}	35.4 ± 13.0^{a, n}	51.2 ± 16.1^{a, p}	44.9 ± 16.2	0.001
Malignancy in the family (%)	96 (43.6)	192 (51.6)^{n, b}	207 (44.0)^{p, b}	495 (46.6)	0.056
1° rel	55 (25.0)	77 (20.7)ⁿ	140 (29.8)^p	272 (25.6)	0.011
Parents	41 (18.6)	66 (17.7)^{n, b}	110 (23.4)^{p, b}	217 (20.4)	0.098
Siblings	15 (6.8)^p	11 (3.0)^a,n	34 (7.2)^p	60 (5.6)	0.020
2 and 3° rel	55 (25.0)^p	144 (38.7)^a,n	99 (21.1)^p	298 (28.1)	0.001
All degrees rel^c	14 (6.4)	29 (7.8)	32 (6.8)	75 (7.1)	0.673
Breast cancer in 1° rel (%)	4 (1.8)^{n, p, b}	19 (5.1)^a	29 (6.2)^{a, b}	52 (4.9)	0.046
Lung cancer in 1° rel (%)	9 (4.1)	9 (2.4)	16 (3.4)	34 (3.2)	0.507
Colon cancer in 1° rel (%)	6 (2.7)	13 (3.5)	16 (3.4)	35 (3.3)	0.866
Breast cancer in 2 and 3° rel (%)	12 (5.5)^p	41 (11.0)^{a, n}	19 (4.0)^p	72 (6.8)	0.001
Lung cancer in 2 and 3° rel (%)	14 (6.4)	37 (9.9)ⁿ	18 (3.8)^p	69 (6.5)	0.002
Colon cancer in 2 and 3° rel (%)	5 (2.3)	21 (5.6)	25 (5.3)	51 (4.8)	0.140

Single group by group comparisons, with correction (P < 0.05): ^aAcromegaly; ^pProlactinoma; ⁿNFPA; ^bSingle group by group comparisons, without correction (P < 0.05); ^cSome patients are represented in more than one category if having both a first-degree and second- and third-degree relatives with a cancer.

1°, first-degree relatives; 2 and 3°, second- and third-degree relatives; NFPA, non-functioning pituitary adenoma; PA, pituitary adenoma; rel, relatives.