1. Study findings of primary and secondary outcomes not included in the meta‐analysis.
| Study ID | Outcome | Reason not‐meta‐analysed | Findings |
| Fruit consumption | |||
| De Bock 2011 | Daily consumption of fruit (g) | Missing data | Positive, participant numbers not available |
| Morris 2018 | Daily consumption of fruit (g) | Missing data | Positive, 201 children |
| Namenek Brouwer 2013 | Daily consumption of fruit (g) | Missing data | Negative, 6 children |
| Natale 2014b | Rate of fruit consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD −0.06 (95% CI −0.22 to 0.10), 634 children |
| Natale 2021 | Rate of fruit consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD 0.02 (95% CI −0.15 to 0.20), 493 children |
| Pinket 2016 | Daily consumption of fruit (g) | Missing data | Negative, 4970 children |
| Witt 2012 | % fruit snack consumed in care | Different measure | Positive, 153 |
| Vegetable consumption | |||
| Başkale 2011 | Weekly consumption of vegetables (scale) | Different measure | SMD 0.09 (95% CI −0.21 to 0.39), 172 children |
| De Bock 2011 | Daily consumption of vegetables (g) | Missing data | Positive, participant numbers not available |
| Morris 2018 | Daily consumption of vegetables (g) | Missing data | Positive, 203 children |
| Namenek Brouwer 2013 | Daily consumption of vegetables (g) | Missing data | Positive, 6 children |
| Natale 2014b | Rate of vegetable consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD 0.25 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.41), 634 children |
| Natale 2021 | Rate of vegetable consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD −0.23 (95% CI −0.41 to −0.05), 493 children |
| Pinket 2016 | Daily consumption of vegetables (g) | Missing data | Positive, 4970 children |
| Witt 2012 | % vegetable snack consumed in care | Different measure | Positive, 122 children |
| Fruit and vegetable consumption combined | |||
| Iaia 2017 | % children consuming ≥ 4 servings of fruit and vegetables | Different measure | RR 1.16 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.93), 234 children |
| Morris 2018 | Fruit and vegetables consumed daily (servings) | Missing data | Positive, 200 children |
| Non‐core foods (i.e. less healthy/discretionary) consumption | |||
| Morris 2018 | Unhealthy food consumed daily (servings) | Missing data | Positive, 200 children |
| Natale 2014b | Rate of snack consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD −0.26 (95% CI −0.42 to −0.11), 634 children |
| Natale 2021 | Rate of snack consumption (per week) | Different measure | SMD 1.19 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.38), 493 children |
| Sugar‐sweetenedbeverage consumption | |||
| Iaia 2017 | % children not consuming sugar‐sweetened beverages daily | Different measure | RR 1.09 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.19), 234 children |
| Kobel 2019 | % children consuming sugar‐sweetened beverages daily | Different measure | RR 0.73 (95% CI 0.35 to 1.52), 474 children |
| Morris 2018 | Consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages | Missing data | Negative, 170 children |
| BMI z‐score | |||
| Natale 2014a | BMI z‐score | Missing data | Positive, participant numbers not available |
| Peñalvo 2015 | BMI z‐score | Missing data | Positive, participant numbers not available |
| Stookey 2017 | Annual change in BMI z‐score | Different measure | Positive, 791 children |
| Waist circumference | |||
| Peñalvo 2015 | Waist circumference | No data | Positive, participant numbers not available |
| Language and cognitive performance | |||
| Puder 2011 | Konzentrations‐Handlungsverfahren für Vorschulkinder‐ KHV‐VK | Not pooled in meta‐analysis | Attention (minutes): SMD −0.06 (95% CI −0.29 to 0.16), 309 children Attention: number of correct cards: SMD 0.02 (95% CI −0.17 to 0.21), 434 children Spatial working memory: SMD 0.12 (95% CI −0.07 to 0.31), 434 children |
| Ray 2020 | Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire | Not pooled in meta‐analysis | SMD 0.05 (95% −0.14 to 0.31), 432 children |
| Social/emotional performance | |||
| Fernandez‐Jimenez 2019 | Test of Emotional Comprehension | Not pooled in meta‐analysis | SMD 0.15 (95% CI −0.09 to 0.40), 282 children |
| Ray 2020 | Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire | Not pooled in meta‐analysis | SMD 0.08 (95% CI −0.11 to 0.26), 432 children |
| BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio; SMD: standardised mean difference | |||