Table 1.
Update of the KIDMED questionnaire to assess quality of the Mediterranean diet in children and adolescents
| Score | Criterion |
|---|---|
| +1 | Takes a fruit every day |
| +1 | Has a second fruit every day |
| +1 | Has fresh or cooked vegetables regularly once per day |
| +1 | Has fresh or cooked vegetables more than once per day |
| +1 | Consumes fish regularly (at least 2–3 times per week) |
| −1 | Goes to a fast-food (hamburger) restaurant more than once per week |
| +1 | Likes pulses and eats them more than once per week |
| +1 | Consumes whole-grain pasta or whole-grain rice almost every day (5 or more times per week) |
| +1 | Has whole cereals or whole-grains (whole-meal bread, etc.) for breakfast |
| +1 | Consumes nuts regularly (at least 2–3 times per week) |
| +1 | Uses olive oil at home |
| −1 | Skips breakfast |
| +1 | Has a dairy product for breakfast (yoghurt, milk, etc.) |
| −1 | Has commercially baked goods or pastries for breakfast |
| +1 | Takes two yoghurts and/or some cheese (40 g) daily |
| −1 | Takes sweets and candy several times every day |
KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents.
Value of the KIDMED score: ≤3, very-low-quality diet; 4–7, need to improve the food pattern to adjust it to the Mediterranean one; ≥8, optimal Mediterranean diet.