Table 5.

OR and 95% CI for the likelihood of excess energy intake by sociodemographic factors and Diet Quality Index–International (DQI-I) sub-components among children aged 9–10 years (n 362), Barbados Children's Health and Nutrition Study (BCHNS), September 2010–April 2011

Variable†	OR	95% CI	P
Gender
Boys	1·00	Reference
Girls	6·42	2·49, 16·52	0·001
Household type
Single-parent	1·00	Reference
Two-parent	0·15	0·02, 0·93	0·042
Overall food group variety
≥4 food groups missing/d (3 points)	1·00	Reference
Any 3 food groups missing/d (6 points)	0·003	0·0002, 0·04
Any 2 food groups missing/d (9 points)	0·03	0·004, 0·21	0·001
Variety for protein source
1 source/d (1 point)	1·00	Reference
>1 source/d	0·23	0·05, 0·91	0·036
Vegetables
0–2 servings/d (≤2·5 points)	1·00	Reference
3–5 servings/d (5 points)	0·48	0·31, 0·75	0·001
Fruits
0–2 servings /d (≤2·5 points)	1·00	Reference
2–4 servings/d (5 points)	0·55	0·39, 0·80	0·002
Sodium
≤2400 mg/d (6 points)	1·00	Reference
>2400–3400 mg/d (3 points)	27·98	9·11, 85·89	0·001
Empty-calorie foods
>10% of total energy/d (0 point)	1·00	Reference
>3–10% of total energy/d (3 points)	0·25	0·90, 0·72	0·01
≤3% of total energy/d (6 points)	0·07	0·14, 0·33	0·001
Macronutrient ratio (carbohydrate:protein:fat)
Otherwise (0 point)	1·00	Reference
52–68:9–16:13–27 (4 points)	5·80	1·15, 29·17	0·033
Fatty acid ratio
Otherwise (0 point)	1·00	Reference
P/S=1–1·5 and M/S=1–1·5 (4 points)	9·07	1·25, 65·71	0·029

P/S, polyunsaturated/saturated; M/S, monounsaturated/saturated.

OR and 95% CI for significant DQI-I components from binary logistic regression of reported energy intake (recommended v. excess). The Hosmer–Lemeshow test was used to judge model fit. Predictive probabilities of all significant independent variables were interpreted using marginal effects at the means.

^†The model was adjusted for age, sex, household type (single- or two-parent household) and BMI Z-scores.