Table 3.
Descriptive statistics and comparisons of means for variables used in the analysis of the determinants of stunting in children aged 6–59 months in Kwara State, rural Nigeria, November 2014 (n 419)
| Variable measurement (minimum/maximum) | Mean | sd | Mean comparison† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Child is stunted (HAZ <−2·0) (0/1) | 0·56 | 0·50 | |
| Household consumed MRF (0/1) | 0·44 | 0·50 | 0·13 *** |
| Child received VAS (0/1) | 0·37 | 0·48 | −0·06 * |
| Children allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·37 | 0·48 | −0·02 |
| Female adults allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·15 | 0·36 | 0·03 |
| Male adults allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·48 | 0·50 | −0·01 |
| Household consumed MRF × child received VAS (0/1) | 0·21 | 0·41 | 0·02 |
| Household consumed MRF × children allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·22 | 0·42 | 0·05 |
| Household consumed MRF × female adults allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·05 | 0·22 | 0·02 |
| Household consumed MRF × male adults allocated more diverse diets (0/1) | 0·23 | 0·42 | 0·06 * |
| Owns cattle, horses and camels (TLU) (0/15) | 0·47 | 2·04 | −0·42 ** |
| Owns sheep, goats and pigs (TLU) (0/5·5) | 0·38 | 0·63 | 0·01 |
| Owns chicken and geese (TLU) (0/10) | 0·41 | 0·69 | −0·02 |
| Has access to improved drinking-water (0/1) | 0·59 | 0·49 | 0·02 |
| Has a refrigerator (0/1) | 0·23 | 0·42 | 0·10 *** |
| Nupe community (0/1) | 0·55 | 0·50 | −0·24 *** |
| Number of household members (2/20) | 6·87 | 3·81 | −1·55 *** |
| Mother has no education (0/1) | 0·63 | 0·48 | −0·17 *** |
| Mother has at least primary-level education (0/1) | 0·17 | 0·38 | 0·02 |
| Mother has at least secondary-level education (0/1) | 0·20 | 0·40 | 0·15 *** |
| Mother’s BMI < 18·5 kg/m2 (0/1) | 0·07 | 0·26 | 0·01 |
| Mother’s age in years (23/85) | 41·82 | 11·08 | 0·79 |
| Boy child (0/1) | 0·49 | 0·50 | −0·04 |
| Child has no morbidity (0/1) | 0·63 | 0·48 | 0·06 |
| Child’s age (6–11 months) (0/1) | 0·14 | 0·34 | 0·01 |
| Child’s age (12–23 months) (0/1) | 0·33 | 0·47 | 0·01 |
| Child’s age (24–35 months) (0/1) | 0·27 | 0·44 | 0·02 |
| Child’s age (36–59 months) (0/1) | 0·26 | 0·44 | −0·04 |
HAZ, height-for-age Z-score; MRF, micronutrient-rich foods; VAS, vitamin A supplement; TLU, Tropical Livestock Unit.
†
Level of significance of the difference in outcome/characteristic between stunted and non-stunted children based on independent-sample t tests:
*
10 % level of significance (P < 0·1)
**
5 % level of significance (P < 0·05)
***
1 % level of significance (P < 0·01).