Table 3.
Healthy US-Style Eating Pattern* recommendations: percentage of individuals meeting† by salad reporting status and likelihood of meeting among salad reporters; US adults‡ (n 9678) aged ≥20 years, What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014
| Non-reporters | Reporters | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USDA Food Pattern component | % | se | % | se | RR§ | 99·9 % CI |
| Vegetables║ | 10·2 | 0·5 | 33·7 | 1·8 | 3·32 | 2·54, 4·33 |
| Dark green vegetables | 10·3 | 0·6 | 34·6 | 1·2 | 3·35 | 2·70, 4·16 |
| Red & orange vegetables | 10·9 | 0·5 | 23·6 | 1··4 | 2·17 | 1·69, 2·79 |
| Legumes (beans & peas) | 14·3 | 0·6 | 16·4 | 1·3 | 1·14 | 0·88, 1·48 |
| Starchy vegetables | 19·2 | 0·8 | 16·9 | 1·2 | 0·88 | 0·69, 1·11 |
| Other vegetables | 21·5 | 0·7 | 63·9 | 1·7 | 2·97 | 2·54, 3·47 |
| Fruits | 16·3 | 0·7 | 19·4 | 1·7 | 1·19 | 0·82, 1·72 |
| Grains | 38·1 | 0·6 | 34·9 | 1·5 | 0·92 | 0·78, 1·08 |
| Whole grains | 5·4 | 0·5 | 5·3 | 0·7 | 0·98 | 0·63, 1·53 |
| Refined grains | 33·0 | 0·7 | 41·0 | 1·5 | 1·24 | 1·08, 1·43 |
| Whole ≥ refined¶ | 8·2 | 0·5 | 12·4 | 1·0 | 1·52 | 1·12, 2·07 |
| Dairy | 14·3 | 0·5 | 15·1 | 1·2 | 1·05 | 0·76, 1·47 |
| Protein foods║ | 40·6 | 0·7 | 48·2 | 1·5 | 1·19 | 1·07, 1·32 |
| Seafood | 11·3 | 0·7 | 17·2 | 1·3 | 1·53 | 1·21, 1·93 |
| Meats, poultry, eggs | 48·6 | 1·1 | 50·7 | 2·2 | 1·04 | 0·90, 1·21 |
| Nuts, seeds, soya products** | 24·3 | 0·9 | 28·9 | 1·6 | 1·19 | 0·95, 1·48 |
| Oils | 29·1 | 0·8 | 49·3 | 1·6 | 1·69 | 1·45, 1·97 |
| Solid fats | 29·4 | 0·9 | 33·4 | 1·7 | 1·14 | 0·94, 1·37 |
| Added sugars | 42·1 | 1·1 | 47·4 | 1·7 | 1·13 | 0·96, 1·32 |
| Alcoholic drinks | 81·7 | 0·8 | 79·3 | 1·8 | 0·97 | 0·89, 1·06 |
RR, risk ratio.
USDA Food Patterns, including the Healthy US-Style Eating Pattern, are described in Appendix 3 of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020( 10 ).
Each individual’s recommended energy level and corresponding recommended intakes were assigned based on sex, age and self-reported physical activity level. For most components, ‘meeting’ means consuming at least the recommended amount. However, for refined grains, solid fats, added sugars and alcoholic drinks, ‘meeting’ means not exceeding the recommended limit.
Excludes pregnant and lactating females.
Salad non-reporters are the referent group (RR=1·00). RR were obtained from average marginal predictions (adjusted prevalence estimates) in the fitted logistic model(40,41). Prevalence estimates were adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, income category and smoking status. Age was entered as a continuous variable.
Legumes (beans and peas) may be counted as either vegetables or protein foods. In this analysis, they are counted as vegetables.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 recommend that at least half of total grains intake should be whole grains( 10 ).
Excludes cooked soyabeans and edamame, which are included in the legumes (beans and peas) component, and soya milk, which is included in dairy.