Table 2.
Characteristics of the sample of 8442 public schools in California, USA, in the 2015–16 school year, with urban v. rural differences
| Total sample (n 8442; 100·0 %) | Urban† (n 7667; 90·8 %) | Rural‡ (n 775; 9·2 %) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | n | % | n | % | n | % | P § |
| School level | |||||||
| Elementary school | 5478 | 64·9 | 4994 | 65·1 | 484 | 62·5 | |
| Middle school | 1289 | 15·3 | 1196 | 15·6 | 93 | 12·0 | |
| High school | 1537 | 18·2 | 1349 | 17·6 | 188 | 24·3 | |
| Other | 137 | 1·6 | 127 | 1·7 | 10 | 1·3 | <0·001 |
| School size | |||||||
| ≤399 students | 2115 | 25·1 | 1597 | 20·8 | 518 | 66·9 | |
| 400–699 students | 3473 | 41·2 | 3290 | 42·9 | 183 | 23·6 | |
| 700–999 students | 1624 | 19·2 | 1572 | 20·5 | 52 | 6·7 | |
| ≥1000 students | 1227 | 14·5 | 1206 | 15·7 | 21 | 2·7 | <0·001 |
| Free or reduced-priced lunch eligibility | |||||||
| <50 % eligible | 2718 | 32·2 | 2577 | 33·6 | 141 | 18·2 | |
| ≥50 to <75 % eligible | 2231 | 26·4 | 1927 | 25·1 | 304 | 39·2 | |
| ≥75 % eligible | 3493 | 41·4 | 3163 | 41·3 | 330 | 42·6 | <0·001 |
| Student race/ethnicity | |||||||
| >50 % White non-Latino | 1618 | 19·2 | 1251 | 16·3 | 367 | 47·4 | |
| Other majority or diverse | 6821 | 80·8 | 6414 | 83·7 | 407 | 52·6 | <0·001 |
| School-year breakfast participation rate (all price categories) | |||||||
| None or >0 to 10 % | 938 | 11·1 | 874 | 11·4 | 64 | 8·3 | |
| >10 to 20 % | 1194 | 14·1 | 1151 | 15·0 | 43 | 5·6 | |
| >20 to 30 % | 3351 | 39·7 | 3046 | 39·7 | 305 | 39·4 | |
| >30 to 40 % | 1078 | 12·8 | 967 | 12·6 | 111 | 14·3 | |
| >40 to 50 % | 547 | 6·5 | 438 | 5·7 | 109 | 14·1 | |
| >50 to 60 % | 275 | 3·3 | 220 | 2·9 | 55 | 7·1 | |
| >60 to 70 % | 227 | 2·7 | 205 | 2·7 | 22 | 2·8 | |
| >70 to 80 % | 363 | 4·3 | 341 | 4·5 | 22 | 2·8 | |
| >80 to 90 % | 313 | 3·7 | 285 | 3·7 | 28 | 3·6 | |
| >90 to 100 % | 156 | 1·9 | 140 | 1·8 | 16 | 2·1 | <0·001 |
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | ||
| Student race/ethnicity | |||||||
| % of students White non-Latino | 25·2 | 24·1 | 23·2 | 22·8 | 45·3 | 27·6 | <0·001 |
| % of students Black non-Latino | 6·0 | 10·0 | 6·5 | 10·3 | 1·7 | 5·1 | <0·001 |
| % of students Latino (any race) | 54·0 | 29·0 | 55·2 | 28·6 | 42·2 | 30·9 | <0·001 |
| Lunch, average daily participation rate (% of students) | 52·5 | 23·3 | 52·1 | 23·3 | 56·1 | 22·0 | <0·001 |
| Number of summer sites, 1·6 km (1 mile) | 1·9 | 3·0 | 2·0 | 3·1 | 0·7 | 1·1 | <0·001 |
| Number of summer sites, 16 km (10 miles) | 100·0 | 141·7 | 108·8 | 144·9 | 3·5 | 6·0 | <0·001 |
†
Includes urban or suburban.
‡
Includes rural and township.
§
P values are for comparisons between urban and rural schools, using χ 2 test for categorical variables (top of table) or t test for continuous variables (bottom of table).