Table 2.
Multivariable associations between selected inflammatory and dietary markers; CoLaus study, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2009–2012
| CRP (log) | IL-6 (log) | Leucocytes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Macronutrients | |||
| Total fat | – | – | – |
| MUFA | – | – | – |
| PUFA | – | 0·005 | – |
| Fibre | – | – | −0·028 |
| Micronutrients | |||
| Carotene | −0·037 | – | −0·047 |
| Food items | |||
| Fruits | −0·043* | – | −0·026 |
| Vegetables | – | – | – |
| Carrots | −0·037 | – | −0·041 |
| Green salad | – | – | −0·043 |
| Tofu | −0·024 | – | −0·013 |
| Bananas, apples | – | – | −0·010 |
| Berries | – | −0·004 | – |
| Kiwis | – | – | −0·016 |
| Dietary patterns | |||
| ‘Meat & fries’ | 0·033 | – | 0·035 |
| ‘Fruits & vegetables’ | −0·079* | – | −0·044 |
| ‘Fatty & sugary’ | – | – | – |
| Dietary scores | |||
| Mediterranean score 1† | −0·043* | – | – |
| Mediterranean score 2‡ | −0·039 | – | – |
| AHEI | −0·067* | – | −0·041 |
| DII | 0·036 | – | 0·047 |
CRP, C-reactive protein; AHEI, Alternative Healthy Eating Index; DII, Dietary Inflammatory Index; –, not assessed.
Data from 4027 participants. Results are expressed as standardized regression coefficients adjusted for age (continuous), BMI (continuous), gender, smoking (never, former, current), educational level (high, middle, low), sedentary status (yes/no), diabetes (yes/no) and total energy intake (continuous).
*
Significant association: P<0·01.
†
Mediterranean diet score of Trichopoulou et al.( 8 ).
‡
Mediterranean diet score of Vormund et al.( 25 ).