Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of adults (aged 19–64 years) in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS 2000/01) and in Years 3 and 4 of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP 2010/11 and 2011/12) who consumed 1 % or more of their total energy intake from trans-fatty acids (TFA) compared with those who consumed less
| NDNS 2000/01 | Years 3 & 4 of NDNS RP 2010/11 and 2011/12 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N 1724, weighted N 1724) | ≥1 %TE from TFA (N 988, weighted N 988) | <1 %TE from TFA (N 736, weighted N 736) | Total (N 848, weighted N 1277) | ≥1 %TE from TFA (N 22, weighted N 32) | <1 %TE from TFA (N 826, weighted N 1245) | |||
| Adults: WHO TFA limit | Unweighted n | %* | %* | P value | Unweighted n | %* | %* | P value |
| TFA (g), mean | 3·11 | 1·59 | <0·001 | 2·18 | 1·02 | <0·001 | ||
| sd | 1·30 | 0·66 | 0·62 | 0·53 | ||||
| Age (years), mean | 40·96 | 40·04 | 0·2 | 40·94 | 41·30 | 0·9 | ||
| sd | 12·85 | 12·50 | 14·83 | 12·79 | ||||
| Age group | 0·6 | 0·9 | ||||||
| 19–34 years | 510 | 36·8 | 37·9 | 245 | 33·9 | 34·6 | ||
| 35–49 years | 682 | 32·6 | 33·7 | 330 | 33·3 | 36·3 | ||
| 50–64 years | 532 | 30·6 | 28·4 | 273 | 32·8 | 29·1 | ||
| Males | 766 | 48·0 | 48·8 | 0·8 | 484 | 38·5 | 49·5 | 0·4 |
| Qualifications | 0·03 | 0·5 | ||||||
| No qualifications (or in full-time education) | 301 | 18·1 | 13·3 | 138 | 18·2 | 16·7 | ||
| School certificates & other qualifications | 856 | 51·3 | 51·3 | 374 | 51·2 | 43·9 | ||
| Higher education below degree | 245 | 13·3 | 14·6 | 97 | 0·00 | 11·2 | ||
| Degree | 321 | 17·2 | 20·8 | 237 | 30·5 | 28·2 | ||
| In employment | 1280 | 77·8 | 75·8 | 0·3 | 609 | 82·5 | 73·1 | 0·3 |
| Gross household income† | <0·001 | 0·7 | ||||||
| Lowest income group | 243 | 10·6 | 11·0 | 123 | 14·2 | 12·9 | ||
| 2 | 267 | 15·0 | 10·3 | 141 | 10·5 | 19·1 | ||
| 3 | 253 | 17·4 | 11·8 | 85 | 18·1 | 10·3 | ||
| 4 | 381 | 24·1 | 24·5 | 141 | 15·9 | 20·3 | ||
| Highest income group | 548 | 32·9 | 42·4 | 239 | 41·3 | 37·4 | ||
| Equalised household income (£), mean | NA | NA | NA | 729 | 37 798 | 32 874 | 0·5 | |
| sd | 27 512 | 23 885 | ||||||
| Equivalised household income | 0·9 | |||||||
| Lowest income quintile | NA | NA | NA | 129 | 14·2 | 17·3 | ||
| 2 | 114 | 13·6 | 16·4 | |||||
| 3 | 124 | 11·5 | 19·1 | |||||
| 4 | 170 | 29·0 | 22·0 | |||||
| Highest income quintile | 192 | 31·6 | 25·2 | |||||
| Quintile of IMD score, England only | 0·7 | |||||||
| Most deprived | NA | NA | NA | 131 | 9·8 | 15·5 | ||
| 2 | 142 | 9·2 | 18·4 | |||||
| 3 | 157 | 21·6 | 18·7 | |||||
| 4 | 138 | 14·0 | 16·8 | |||||
| Least deprived | 133 | 22·3 | 15·8 | |||||
| Other UK countries, not England | 147 | 23·1 | 15·5 | |||||
| Socio-economic classification‡ | 0·8 | 0·9 | ||||||
| Highest | 100 | 6·5 | 5·4 | 361 | 46·2 | 44·4 | ||
| 528 | 27·7 | 33·8 | 170 | 16·9 | 20·5 | |||
| 401 | 23·5 | 25·3 | 300 | 36·9 | 35·2 | |||
| 282 | 18·8 | 16·1 | ||||||
| 283 | 17·0 | 14·7 | ||||||
| Lowest | 98 | 6·5 | 4·8 | |||||
| Region | 0·6 | 0·7 | ||||||
| Northern England | 451 | 25·8 | 28·3 | 201 | 28·8 | 23·6 | ||
| Midlands | 266 | 16·3 | 14·3 | 148 | 16·3 | 15·5 | ||
| London, East & South England | 808 | 46·0 | 45·0 | 352 | 32·5 | 45·1 | ||
| Scotland, Wales (+NI in NDNS RP) | 199 | 11·9 | 12·3 | 147 | 22·3 | 15·8 | ||
| Number of adults in household, mean | 2·28 | 2·22 | 0·3 | 2·37 | 2·30 | 0·8 | ||
| sd | 0·93 | 0·90 | 0·98 | 0·94 | ||||
| Child in household, yes | 644 | 36·1 | 38·0 | 0·4 | 328 | 49·8 | 39·4 | 0·4 |
| Marital status | 0·8 | 0·2 | ||||||
| Single/never married | 358 | 19·7 | 21·1 | 188 | 34·8 | 20·1 | ||
| Married/living together/cohabiting | 1075 | 70·6 | 69·0 | 530 | 54·2 | 70·9 | ||
| Separated/divorced/widowed | 291 | 9·8 | 9·9 | 130 | 11·0 | 9·0 | ||
| Ethnic group, two categories | <0·001 | 0·2 | ||||||
| White | 1629 | 95·6 | 91·7 | 750 | 93·1 | 85·0 | ||
| Non-White | 95 | 4·4 | 8·3 | 98 | 6·9 | 15·0 | ||
| Ethnic group | 0·001 | 0·8 | ||||||
| White | 1629 | 95·6 | 91·7 | 750 | 93·1 | 85·0 | ||
| Black or Black British | 29 | 0·9 | 2·5 | 29 | 4·1 | 4·0 | ||
| Asian or Asian British | 35 | 2·1 | 3·2 | 40 | 2·9 | 6·5 | ||
| Any Other group incl. mixed | 31 | 1·4 | 2·6 | 29 | 0·0 | 4·5 | ||
| Has longstanding illness, yes | 655 | 37·9 | 34·9 | 0·3 | 292 | 30·7 | 31·3 | 1·0 |
%TE, percentage of total energy; NI, Northern Ireland; NA, not available; TFA intake ≥1%TE is above the WHO recommended TFA limit.
Values presented are percentages, unless indicated otherwise.†Gross annual household income in the previous 12 months groupings for NDNS 2000/01 are: <£8000, £8000 to <£12 000, £12 000 to <£18 000, £18 000 to <£25 000, ≥£25 000; for NDNS RP are: <£15 000, £15 000 to <£20 000, £20 000 to <£30 000, £30 000 to <£40 000, ≥£40 000.
Social class groups for NDNS 2000/01 are: I, professional; II, managerial and technical; IIIN, skilled non-manual; IIIM, skilled manual; IV, semi-skilled; V, unskilled; socio-economic classification grouping for NDNS RP are: Managerial & Professional, Intermediate & Small businesses, Routine & Never worked.