Table 3.
Food processing level/food category | % of total food ads (n 3340) | % of general audience food ads (n 2236) | % of child audience food ads (n 1104) |
---|---|---|---|
PUPF | |||
Cereal bars | 3·2 | 2·1 | 5·5** |
Non-alcoholic, non-sugary beverages | 4.0 | 5·5 | 1·2** |
Non-alcoholic, sugary beverages | 35·3 | 45·9 | 13·8** |
Meats (canned tuna, turkey, etc.) | 0·7 | 1·0 | 0·2** |
Breakfast cereal | 1·1 | 0·0 | 3·4** |
Pre-prepared foods (soya patties, noodles, etc.) | 1·6 | 1·8 | 1·3 |
Flavour additives | 4·3 | 3·9 | 5·0 |
Hamburgers | 0·4 | 0·2 | 0·8* |
Sweets (candy, chocolates, etc.) | 7·4 | 9·0 | 4·1** |
Cookies and crackers | 0·6 | 0·8 | 0·3 |
Cheese and yoghurt | 12·2 | 9·7 | 17·4** |
Others | 1·4 | 1·4 | 15·0 |
Desserts | 8·2 | 1·6 | 21·6** |
Fast-food restaurants | 5·6 | 1·7 | 13·3** |
Dressings | 1·9 | 2·0 | 1·6 |
Salty snacks | 7·4 | 7·2 | 8·0 |
Non-PUPF | |||
Mineral water | 2·0 | 2·7 | 0·5** |
Dry pasta | 2·1 | 2·9 | 0·5** |
Condiments (pepper, herbs, parsley, rosemary, etc.) | 0·1 | 0·2 | 0·0 |
Infusions | 0·4 | 0·6 | 0·0* |
PUPF, processed and ultra-processed foods; non-PUPF, unprocessed or minimally processed foods.
Proportions were significantly different from those of the general audience category: *P<0·05, **P<0·01.