Table 2.

Results of independent-sample t tests. Average amount of energy in kcal/100 ml (1 kcal = 4·184 kJ) in beverage products based on presence/absence of each front-of-package (FOP) marketing strategy. Data from photographs of beverage packages taken in six urban supermarkets, representing five different supermarket chains, Santiago, Chile, 2015

	Strategy not on FOP			Strategy used on FOP
Marketing strategy	Mean1	sd	n	Mean2	sd	n	Mean2 – Mean1
Nutrition and health†	38·56	17·74	228	26·50	22·59	777	−12·06*
Nature and fruit	30·40	23·69	263	28·83	21·59	742	−1·57
Emotion and fun	29·39	22·24	890	28·10	21·64	115	−1·29
Child-directed characters†	28·02	21·90	919	42·26	20·87	86	14·24*
Childhood and family	28·99	22·04	981	39·62	24·98	24	10·63*
Sports and physical activity	29·90	22·10	883	24·50	22·09	122	−5·40*
Product-oriented	29·75	22·27	847	26·51	21·45	158	−3·24

^* P < 0·05.

^†Adjusted t test due to statistically significant Levene’s test for equality of variances.