Table 1.
Distribution (%) of total household food availability (kcal/person per d) according to NOVA food groups in nineteen European countries (1991–2008)
| Country, year and (kcal/person per d)* | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food group | Austria 1999 (2728) | Belgium 1999 (2349) | Croatia 2004 (2403) | Cyprus 2003 (2756) | Finland 1998 (2216) | France 1991 (1820) | Germany 1998 (2252) | Greece 2004 (2960) | Hungary 1991 (2689) | Ireland 1999 (2436) | Italy 1996 (2681) | Latvia 2004 (2463) | Lithuania 2004 (2476) | Malta 2000 (3299) | Norway 1998 (2293) | Portugal 2000 (2279) | Slovakia 2003 (2416) | Spain 2000 (1942) | UK 2008 (2115) |
| Unprocessed or minimally processed foods | 39·1 | 26·4 | 34·2 | 39·9 | 33·4 | 36·4 | 27·6 | 34·9 | 34·5 | 32·5 | 35·8 | 33·9 | 32·8 | 33·6 | 31·4 | 43·4 | 33·1 | 35·1 | 28·6 |
| Meat | 6·5 | 7·3 | 9·2 | 9·0 | 4·9 | 10·4 | 5·2 | 6·9 | 7·1 | 7·0 | 6·1 | 6·4 | 6·4 | 7·2 | 6·1 | 9·4 | 6·8 | 8·3 | 5·0 |
| Milk | 10·1 | 3·2 | 0·6 | 5·3 | 9·1 | 6·2 | 5·3 | 3·0 | 4·9 | 10·7 | 4·1 | 4·4 | 4·3 | 7·3 | 4·9 | 5·4 | 5·0 | 9·3 | 6·9 |
| Fruits | 3·7 | 2·6 | 2·6 | 4·1 | 4·0 | 3·9 | 3·7 | 3·5 | 2·4 | 1·9 | 4·0 | 2·4 | 2·3 | 3·9 | 3·2 | 3·9 | 2·8 | 5·2 | 2·5 |
| Potato and other roots and tubers | 1·7 | 2·6 | 3·5 | 2·4 | 0·5 | 3·6 | 3·1 | 2·9 | 3·6 | 4·4 | 1·7 | 7·4 | 6·1 | 2·3 | 3·0 | 5·2 | 3·2 | 2·9 | 3·3 |
| Pasta and wheat and other flours | 8·0 | 6·6 | 13·4 | 5·5 | 6·9 | 6·3 | 4·9 | 6·2 | 9·6 | 3·3 | 11·8 | 6·1 | 6·0 | 3·3 | 7·8 | 4·1 | 10·5 | 2·0 | 3·4 |
| Rice | 1·9 | 0·6 | 0·7 | 2·6 | 0·9 | 2·2 | 0·8 | 2·0 | 1·8 | 1·2 | 3·5 | 1·4 | 1·4 | 4·0 | 1·1 | 8·3 | 2·3 | 2·4 | 1·4 |
| Vegetables | 1·6 | 1·8 | 1·4 | 3·4 | 4·0 | 2·1 | 1·5 | 5·7 | 3·4 | 1·9 | 0·9 | 1·7 | 1·7 | 3·9 | 1·5 | 1·6 | 1·4 | 1·1 | 1·3 |
| Fish | 0·3 | 0·3 | 0·5 | 0·4 | 0·9 | 1·0 | 0·2 | 0·8 | 0·1 | 0·4 | 0·6 | 0·6 | 1·1 | 0·4 | 1·2 | 1·6 | 0·5 | 1·5 | 0·3 |
| Other† | 5·2 | 1·4 | 2·2 | 7·2 | 2·1 | 0·8 | 3·1 | 3·9 | 1·6 | 1·7 | 3·0 | 3·6 | 3·6 | 1·3 | 2·5 | 3·9 | 0·6 | 2·4 | 4·5 |
| Processed culinary ingredients | 15·2 | 8·9 | 22·8 | 20·3 | 11·1 | 22·4 | 12·0 | 26·8 | 24·6 | 12·8 | 28·0 | 22·3 | 24·5 | 13·2 | 18·8 | 23·8 | 18·8 | 25·0 | 10·4 |
| Sugar‡ | 5·0 | 2·8 | 7·0 | 6·1 | 5·2 | 6·0 | 3·8 | 3·5 | 8·5 | 4·0 | 5·9 | 7·9 | 7·8 | 3·8 | 4·4 | 4·5 | 9·2 | 3·2 | 3·0 |
| Vegetable oil | 6·9 | 3·5 | 13·7 | 13·2 | 1·0 | 10·3 | 2·5 | 23·0 | 5·7 | 3·5 | 20·4 | 9·6 | 9·5 | 8·2 | 0·7 | 18·4 | 4·6 | 21·4 | 4·0 |
| Animal fat | 3·3 | 2·6 | 2·0 | 1·0 | 4·9 | 6·1 | 5·7 | 0·3 | 10·5 | 5·3 | 1·7 | 4·9 | 7·1 | 1·2 | 13·7 | 0·9 | 5·0 | 0·4 | 3·4 |
| Processed foods | 10·7 | 20·0 | 25·1 | 19·6 | 14·6 | 26·9 | 14·0 | 24·5 | 19·8 | 8·7 | 22·7 | 10·7 | 16·3 | 25·5 | 12·9 | 22·4 | 27·9 | 19·5 | 10·2 |
| Fresh breads | 6·0 | 10·3 | 22·4 | 13·9 | 4·6 | 14·2 | 5·7 | 16·2 | 16·6 | 4·3 | 14·1 | 5·8 | 11·0 | 12·7 | 5·3 | 16·4 | 14·5 | 15·0 | 2·5 |
| Cheese | 2·4 | 6·2 | 1·8 | 4·3 | 5·7 | 8·0 | 3·8 | 5·0 | 1·3 | 0·8 | 5·0 | 3·0 | 2·8 | 4·2 | 4·5 | 2·1 | 2·4 | 3·1 | 3·0 |
| Salted and cured meat and fish | 2·2 | 2·6 | 0·01 | 1·0 | 2·9 | 3·4 | 1·4 | 0·2 | 1·7 | 2·5 | 2·9 | 1·1 | 1·5 | 2·0 | 2·2 | 3·4 | 10·0 | 0·2 | 2·3 |
| Preserves of fruits and vegetables | 0·1 | 0·9 | 0·8 | 0·4 | 1·4 | 1·4 | 3·2 | 3·1 | 0·2 | 1·2 | 0·7 | 0·7 | 0·9 | 6·6 | 0·8 | 0·5 | 1·0 | 1·1 | 2·4 |
| Ultra-processed foods | 35·0 | 44·6 | 17·9 | 20·1 | 40·9 | 14·2 | 46·2 | 13·7 | 21·1 | 45·9 | 13·4 | 32·9 | 26·4 | 27·6 | 36·9 | 10·2 | 20·2 | 20·3 | 50·7 |
| Ultra-processed breads | 2·9 | 2·6 | 4·9 | 4·0 | 6·2 | 3·0 | 3·0 | 3·6 | 6·3 | 16·3 | 1·8 | 11·5 | 6·2 | 1·6 | 7·2 | 1·6 | 6·8 | 5·3 | 7·5 |
| Cakes, cookies and other baked products | 10·1 | 11·1 | 0·4 | 3·2 | 6·8 | 1·1 | 10·6 | 3·8 | 3·7 | 6·3 | 4·6 | 4·3 | 4·7 | 8·4 | 3·5 | 1·9 | 5·7 | 2·9 | 10·1 |
| Reconstituted meat products | 8·5 | 8·5 | 3·1 | 4·1 | 9·7 | 4·8 | 14·0 | 1·5 | 2·0 | 7·2 | 2·2 | 3·8 | 3·5 | 7·4 | 8·0 | 1·7 | 5·3 | 3·2 | 7·0 |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages | 4·1 | 4·6 | 7·5 | 1·1 | 6·0 | 2·5 | 7·1 | 0·7 | 5·1 | 2·2 | 0·1 | 11·0 | 10·2 | 2·5 | 3·7 | 1·6 | 0·7 | 5·4 | 2·0 |
| Other§ | 9·4 | 17·8 | 2·0 | 7·7 | 12·2 | 2·8 | 11·5 | 4·1 | 4·0 | 13·9 | 4·7 | 2·3 | 1·8 | 7·7 | 14·5 | 3·4 | 1·7 | 3·5 | 24·1 |
*
To convert to kJ/person per d, multiply kcal/person per d values by 4·184.
†
Includes other cereals, legumes, nuts, eggs.
‡
Includes honey and syrups.
§
Includes salty snacks, breakfast cereals, margarine, sauces and spreads, and ready meals.