Table 1.
Sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics, blood pressure, anthropometric variables and salt intake in the study population of adults and older people (n 517) aged 20–80 years, Artur Nogueira, São Paulo, Brazil, June–September 2016
| Sub-sample of 24 h dietary recall (n 319) | Overall study population (n 517) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or n | sd or % | Median | Q1–Q3 | Mean or n | sd or % | Median | Q1–Q3 | |
| Sociodemographic variables | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 52·8 | 13·9 | 54·0 | 43·0–63·0 | 53·5 | 14·1 | 55·0 | 44·0–65·0 |
| Schooling (years) | 6·7 | 4·4 | 5·0 | 4·0–11·0 | 6·3 | 4·4 | 5·0 | 3·0–11·0 |
| Family monthly income ($US) | 812·9 | 823·3 | 645·2 | 387·1–967·7 | 753·2 | 720·6 | 612·9 | 369·0–967·7 |
| Sex (women), n and % | 184 | 57·7 | 302 | 58·4 | ||||
| Skin colour (white), n and % | 164 | 51·4 | 264 | 51·1 | ||||
| Living condition, n and % | ||||||||
| Alone | 37 | 11·6 | 58 | 11·3 | ||||
| With partner | 65 | 20·4 | 101 | 19·5 | ||||
| With children/partner | 134 | 42·0 | 222 | 42·9 | ||||
| With children/others | 83 | 26·0 | 136 | 26·3 | ||||
| Labour status (inactive), n and % | 216 | 67·7 | 367 | 71·0 | ||||
| Self-reported disease-related variables | ||||||||
| Smoking, n and % | 26 | 13·1 | 56 | 10·8 | ||||
| Alcohol consumption, n and % | 64 | 20·1 | 104 | 20·1 | ||||
| Dyslipidaemia, n and % | 60 | 30·3 | 157 | 30·4 | ||||
| Diabetes, n and % | 32 | 16·2 | 78 | 15·1 | ||||
| Hypertension, n and % | 99 | 50·0 | 230 | 44·5 | ||||
| Hypertension diagnosis length (years) | 11·2 | 9·6 | 8·0 | 3·0–18·0 | 11·3 | 9·7 | 10·0 | 4·0–18·0 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||||||
| Hypertensive† | 146·2 | 20·5 | 146·5 | 131·5–159·0 | 145·9 | 21·5 | 145·7 | 131·0–204·0 |
| Normotensive | 127·3 | 17·7 | 126·5 | 115·0–138·0 | 127·7 | 17·2 | 126·5 | 116·0–138·5 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||||||
| Hypertensive† | 83·5 | 13·1 | 82·0 | 75·0–90·5 | 83·4 | 12·7 | 82·5 | 75·0–90·5 |
| Normotensive | 77·4 | 11·4 | 76·2 | 69·5–85·0 | 77·5 | 10·5 | 76·5 | 70·0–85·0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28·6 | 6·1 | 27·9 | 24·7–31·2 | 28·3 | 5·8 | 27·8 | 24·8–31·0 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | ||||||||
| Male | 99·2 | 11·4 | 100·0 | 92·5–107·0 | 99·0 | 12·1 | 100·0 | 92·0–107·0 |
| Female | 93·2 | 12·8 | 92·5 | 85·0–100·0 | 93·6 | 12·4 | 93·0 | 86·0–100·0 |
| Salt intake (g/d) | ||||||||
| Biochemical measure | ||||||||
| 24 h urinary Na excretion | 10·5 | 4·5 | 9·8 | 7·4–13·0 | ||||
| Self-reported methods | ||||||||
| 24 h dietary recall (n 319) | 2·9 | 2·5 | 2·3 | 1·4–3·6 | ||||
| Na-FFQ | 0·8 | 1·1 | 0·5 | 0·2–1·0 | 0·8 | 1·0 | 0·5 | 0·2–1·0 |
| DSQ | 6·5 | 5·2 | 5·6 | 3·3–8·3 | 6·8 | 5·3 | 5·6 | 3·3–8·3 |
| SSQ | 0·8 | 1·6 | 0·2 | 0–0·8 | 0·7 | 1·5 | 0·1 | 0–0·8 |
| Total reported salt intake (n 319) | 11·0 | 5·9 | 9·7 | 7·0–13·1 | ||||
Q1–Q3, interquartile range; Na-FFQ, sodium FFQ; DSQ, discretionary-salt questionnaire; SSQ, seasoned-salt questionnaire.
Data presented are mean, sd, median and Q1–Q3 for continuous variables; or n and % for categorical variables as indicated.
†
Hypertension defined as self-reported hypertension or use of antihypertensive medicine; present in 41·1 % (131/319) of the sub-sample and 44·5 % (230/517) of the overall study population.