Table 2.
Characteristics of patients with or without differentiation-related hyperleukocytosis
| With hyperleukocytosisa (n = 29) | Without (n = 39) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male/female) | 20:9 | 24:15 | 0.526 |
| Median age, years (range) | 6.6 (1.0–13.9) | 8.2 (1.0–13.5) | 0.372 |
| Risk stratification | |||
| HR, n (%) | 11 (37.9) | 11 (28.2) | 0.397 |
| NHR, n (%) | 18 (62.1) | 28 (71.8) | |
| Median WBC at admission, × 109/Lb | 5.18 (3.95–26.58) | 2.93 (1.39–10.95) | 0.004 |
| Promyelocytes of blood, %b | 63.5 (27.8–84.0) | 14.0 (2.0–55.0) | 0.001 |
| Promyelocytes of bone marrow, %b | 83.0 (77.5–88.0) | 80.0 (68.3–86.5) | 0.247 |
| Arsenic compound | |||
| ATO, n (%) | 11 (37.9) | 22 (56.4) | 0.132 |
| RIF, n (%) | 18 (62.1) | 17 (43.6) | |
| Duration of arsenical treatment, days | 20.0 (5.0–37.0) | 20.0 (6.0–38.0) | 0.985 |
| MRDc, %b | 0.046 (0.001–0.447) | 0.002 (0.000–0.077) | 0.013 |
| DSd, n (%) | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.040 |
| ATO, n (%) | 1 (9.1) | 0 | 0.684 |
| RIF, n (%) | 2 (11.1) | 0 | |
HR high risk, NHR non high risk
aHyperleukocytosis means differentiation-related hyperleukocytosis
bMedian value (interquartile range)
cMRD: minimal residual disease, PML-RARα/ABL
dDS: differentiation syndrome, including moderate and severe forms