Table 5.

Path analysis: exponentiated effects for grandmothers’ knowledge and introduction of complementary foods (n 741) in the sample of households from 240 rural communities in sixteen districts of Nepal, 2012

	Timely introduction of all complementary foods†	Maternal knowledge: introduction of complementary foods†
Grandmothers’ correct knowledge	0·15	2·07***
Mothers’ correct knowledge	2·50***	NA
Child age
9–11·9 months	−1·93***	0·62(*)
12–14·9 months	−1·14***	0·33
15–17·9 months	−1·52***	0·67(*)
18–20·9 months	−1·72**	0·34
21–23·9 months	−1·22***	0·24
Child sex	−0·63(*)	0·01
Decision maker: child feeding
Grandmother	−0·76	−0·13
Other	−0·54	0·42
Maternal age	0·03	−0·02
Maternal education
Some primary	−0·20	0·01
Completed primary	0·55	0·05
Some secondary	−0·37	0·52
Completed secondary	−0·32	0·34
Higher level	−1·40(*)	0·28
Maternal employment	0·18	0·32
Maternal nutrition information: number of sources	0·01	−0·04
Maternal residency with own mother	0·84	−0·81
Grandmother’s age	0·01	0·01
Grandmother’s education
Some primary	0·88	−1·10*
Completed primary	−13·8***	−0·69
Some secondary	3·01***	0·37
Completed secondary	−10·4***	−14·4***
Higher level	−13·0***	0·94
Household agro-ecological zone of residency
Hill	−0·39	−0·07
Terai	−1·52(*)	−0·41
Household caste/ethnicity
Disadvantaged Janajatis	−0·53	0·02
Disadvantaged non-Dalit Terai	−13·4***	0·63
Religious minorities (Muslim/Churoute)	−12·0***	−14·9***
Relatively advantaged Janajatis	0·03	−0·28
Most advantaged (Brahmin/Chettri/Thakuri/Sanyasi)	−0·17	−0·51
Household food security
Mildly food insecure	0·15	0·09
Moderately food insecure	−0·22	0·15
Severely food insecure	−15·7***	0·20
Household wealth quintile
Second poorest	−0·69(*)	0·91**
Middle income	−0·37	0·18
Second wealthiest	−0·72*	0·44(*)
Wealthiest	−2·30**	0·92*
Household number of children <5 years of age
2	0·39	0·27
3 or more	−0·22	0·14

NA, not available.

(*)P<0·10, *P<0·05, **P<0·01, ***P<0·001.

^†Adjusted for clustering at district level.