Table 3.
Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for metabolic syndrome across quartile of dietary energy density among female nurses (n 1036) aged >30 years, Isfahan, Iran
| Quartile of dietary energy density | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 3 | 4 (highest) | ||||||
| 1 (lowest) | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | P for trend* | |
| n | 254 | 257 | 251 | 253 | ||||
| Metabolic syndrome† | ||||||||
| Crude | 1·00 | 1·25 | 0·75, 2·46 | 1·79 | 1·11, 3·25 | 1·96 | 1·52, 3·11 | <0·001 |
| Model I‡ | 1·00 | 1·21 | 0·76, 2·41 | 1·71 | 1·10, 3·21 | 1·90 | 1·48, 3·07 | <0·001 |
| Model II§ | 1·00 | 1·14 | 0·82, 2·28 | 1·65 | 1·07, 3·11 | 1·78 | 1·36, 2·98 | <0·001 |
| Model III|| | 1·00 | 1·02 | 0·77, 2·01 | 1·54 | 1·01, 2·89 | 1·59 | 1·19, 2·81 | <0·001 |
By the use of Mantel–Haenszel extension χ 2 test.
Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of the following components: (i) abdominal adiposity (waist circumference >88 cm); (ii) low serum HDL cholesterol (<50 mg/dl); (iii) high serum TAG (≥150 mg/dl); (iv) elevated blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg); (v) abnormal glucose homeostasis (fasting plasma glucose ≥110 mg/dl).
Adjusted for age.
Further adjusted for cigarette smoking, physical activity, socio-economic status, current oestrogen use, menopausal status and family history of diabetes and stroke.
Additionally adjusted for BMI.