Table 2.
Total industrially produced trans-fatty acids (IP-TFA) as a percentage of total fatty acids in foods frequently consumed in four Latin American cities, 2011–2012
| Category | Buenos Aires, Argentina | % | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | % | San José, Costa Rica | % | Mexico City, Mexico | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edible oils | Soyabean oil+25 % olive oil | 0·00 | Soyabean oil, brand 1 | 0·12 | Soyabean oil | 0·40 | Soyabean oil, brand 1 | 0·42 |
| Corn oil | 0·14 | Soyabean oil, brand 2 | 0·29 | Sunflower oil | 0·71 | Canola+sunflower oil | 0·33 | |
| Sunflower oil | 0·13 | Olive oil | 0·00 | Soyabean oil+palm oil | 0·66 | Soyabean oil, brand 2 | 0·27 | |
| Margarines | Regular, brand 1 | 0·12 | Regular, brand 1 | 0·90 | Regular, brand 1 | 0·46 | Regular, brand 1 | 0·00 |
| Regular, brand 2* | 34·80 | Regular, brand 2 | 0·56 | Soft, brand 1 | 1·89 | Regular, brand 2 | 0·13 | |
| Regular, brand 3 | 1·52 | Regular, brand 3* | 9·46 | Light, brand 1* | 2·25 | Regular, brand 3 | 1·38 | |
| Pre-packaged | Brand 1 | 0·00 | Brand 1 | 0·00 | Brand 1 | 0·63 | Brand 1 | 0·51 |
| cookies (plain) | Brand 2 | 0·00 | Brand 2 | 0·65 | Brand 2 | 0·65 | Brand 2 | 0·23 |
| Brand 3 | 0·00 | Brand 3 | 0·06 | Brand 3 | 0·47 | Brand 3 | 0·25 | |
| Brand 4 | 0·21 | |||||||
| Pre-packaged | Brand 1 | 0·81 | Brand 1 | 4·73 | Brand 1 | 0·65 | Brand 1† | 5·23 |
| artificially flavoured | Brand 2 | 0·77 | Brand 2 | 1·00 | Brand 2 | 0·46 | Brand 2 | 0·95 |
| cream-filled cookies | Brand 3 | 1·55 | Brand 3† | 23·30 | Brand 3 | 4·11 | Brand 3 | 0·95 |
| Pre-packaged | Brand 1 | 4·76 | Not available | Brand 1 | 0·66 | Brand 1 | 1·05 | |
| chocolate-filled or | Brand 2 | 0·12 | Brand 2† | 8·04 | Brand 2 | 2·05 | ||
| covered cookies | Brand 3† | 12·63 | ||||||
| Snacks | Brand 1 | 0·11 | Brand 1 | 0·12 | Brand 1 | 0·66 | Brand 1 | 0·37 |
| Brand 2 | 0·13 | Brand 2 | 0·47 | Brand 2 | 0·47 | Brand 2 | 0·55 | |
| Brand 3 | 0·10 | Brand 3 | 0·33 | Brand 3 | 0·49 | Brand 3 | 0·36 | |
| Brand 4 | 0·43 | Brand 4 | 2·43 | Brand 4 | 0·63 | |||
| Pre-packaged pastries | Butter crescent†,‡ | 21·20 | Cream-filled poundcake | 0·00 | Doughnuts | 0·72 | Cinnamon rolls, brand 1† | 5·70 |
| Lard crescent§ | 3·90 | Puff pastry†† | 3·21 | Muffins║║ | 0·54 | |||
| Puff/filo pastry snack║ | 0·61 | |||||||
| Local fast foods | Savoury turnovers¶ | 0·21 | Shoestring potatoes 1 | 0·75 | Potato turnover‡‡ | 3·52 | Tacos pastor¶¶ | 0·83 |
| Fried milanesa chicken | 0·23 | Shoestring potatoes | 0·54 | Fried tacos§§ | 1·13 | Cheese quesadilla | 1·35 | |
| French fries | 0·35 | Farofa, brand 1** | 0·44 | Hamburger | 3·96 | Gordita*** | 0·10 | |
| French fries from | McDonald’s | 0·78 | McDonald’s | 4·38 | Burger King | 0·44 | Burger King | 1·81 |
| international | Burger King | 0·64 | McDonald’s | 2·01 | McDonald’s | 2·40 | ||
| chains | Walmart | 1·04 | Taco Bell | 1·40 | KFC | 4·50 | ||
| KFC | 1·84 |
PAHO, Pan American Health Organization.
Exceeds PAHO/WHO recommendation of <2 % total IP-TFA content in vegetable oils and spreadable fats.
Exceeds PAHO/WHO recommendation of <5 % total IP-TFA content in processed foods.
Similar to butter croissant.
Similar to croissant, made with lard.
Librillos/puff and filo pastry.
Deep-fried and prepared with wheat dough; filling commonly meat, cheese and/or vegetables.
Toasted cassava flour mixture.
Prusianos/puff pastry filled with whipped cream.
Deep-fried, corn dough with potato filling.
Fried corn tortillas tightly rolled, stuffed with shredded beef.
Muffins or mantecadas.
Corn tortillas filled with meat.
Thick corn tortilla stuffed with various ingredients like cheese.