Table 2.
Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depressive symptoms according to serum total cholesterol (TC) level among adults (n 7198) aged 20–88 years, Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, 2010–2012)
| Depressive symptoms | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1* | Model 2† | ||||||
| Category | 25(OH)D (ng/ml) | OR | 95 % CI | P value | OR | 95 % CI | P value‡ |
| All participants (n 7198) | <20 | 1·69 | 1·35, 2·11 | <0·001 | 1·54 | 1·20, 1·98 | <0·001 |
| ≥20§ | 1·00 | 1·00 | |||||
| TC<240 mg/dl group | <20 | 1·75 | 1·38, 2·23 | <0·001 | 1·60 | 1·23, 2·08 | 0·001 |
| (n 6673) | ≥20§ | 1·00 | 1·00 | ||||
| TC≥240 mg/dl group | <20 | 1·29 | 0·69, 2·44 | 0·426 | 0·97 | 0·52, 1·81 | 0·927 |
| (n 525) | ≥20§ | 1·00 | 1·00 | ||||
*
Unadjusted.
†
Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, regular exercise, income level, education level, marital status, changes in body weight, perceived body shape, season of the examination date and cholesterol profiles.
‡
A multiple logistic regression model was used.
§
Reference group.