Table 4.
Methods and strategies per determinant for pregnant women
| Determinant | Change objectives | Method | Theory | Strategy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Awareness (aw) | aw2a, aw3a, aw4a, aw5a | Tailoring Using imagery Providing cues Chunking | TTM( 52 ) SCT( 53 ) | Personal communication with midwife Tailored web-based programme with information about specialized professionals combined with visual representation of pregnant woman’s individual GWG compared with healthy GWG |
| Knowledge (k) | k1a, k1b, k2a, k2b, k2c, k2d, k2e, k2f, k3a, k3b, k3c, k3d, k3e, k3f, k4a | Tailoring Active learning Chunking Using imagery | TTM( 52 ) SCT( 53 ) | Personal communication with midwife Tailored web-based programme (dosed information on individual BMI, on healthy GWG tailored on participant pre-pregnancy BMI, tailored information about healthy diet, PA, general information about a relaxed lifestyle, risks/advantages of (un)healthy GWG) Active participation in monitoring own BMI, GWG |
| Attitudes (a) | a1a, a2a, a2b, a2c, a2d, a2e, a3a, a3b, a3c, a3d, a3e, a3f, a4a, a5a | Self-re-evaluation Individualization Tailoring | TTM( 52 ) SCT( 53 ) | Personal communication with midwife, about e.g. healthy GWG, healthy diet, PA, monitoring weight, referral to relevant health-care professionals Tailored web-based programme: when gaining too much or too little weight an advice comes up to discuss this freely with midwife, or to consult a specialist A short film in the tailored web-based programme: a role model provides information and arguments on individual healthy GWG tailored on participant pre-pregnancy BMI, PA; with general information about healthy diet and relaxed lifestyle, risks/advantages of (un)healthy GWG |
| Social influences (si) | si1a, si2a, si2b, si3a, si3b, si3c, si3d, si3e, si4a, si5a | Information about other’s approval | TTM( 52 ) SCT( 53 ) | Regular personal communication with midwife Tailored web-based programme: stimulating messages to discuss GWG problems with midwives, with suggestions e.g. how to cope with children disliking vegetables Tailored web-based programme: reinforcing messages from the pregnant woman’s midwife A quote on midwives‘ website about the cooperation with specialized health professionals Tailored web-based programme: in case of unhealthy GWG, an advice comes up to discuss this freely with midwife, to consult a specialist Tailored web-based programme: videos with peers talking about their visit to a dietitian/exercise programme |
| Self-efficacy/skills (se) | se1a, se2a, se3a, se3b, se3c, se3d, se3e, se3f, se4a | Goal setting Verbal persuasion Guided practice | SCT( 53 ) GST( 54 ) | Personal communication with midwife Tailored web-based programme with FAQ about personal weight gain goal followed by feedback, short films with e.g. demonstration of peers buying/preparing vegetables, exercising, and peers discussing their coping with too high GWG |
| Barriers (b) | b2a, b3a, b3b, b3c, b3d, b4a, b4b | Facilitation | SCT( 53 ) | Personal communication with midwife Tailored web-based programme with visual representation of barriers (e.g. physical complaints, care for offspring) and information about how to overcome them |
TTM, Transtheoretical Model; SCT, Social Cognitive Theory; GST, Goal Setting Theory; GWG, gestational weight gain; PA, physical activity; FAQ, frequently asked questions.