Table 5.
OR (and 95 % CI) of child stunting, overweight/obesity and anaemia by dietary pattern factor score quintile among the 305 Samoan children aged 24–59 months from the island of Upolu, June–August 2015
| Quintile 2 (n 61) | Quintile 3 (n 61) | Quintile 4 (n 61) | Quintile 5 (n 61) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Quintile 1 (n 61) | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | P-trend* |
| Stunting (n 62)† | ||||||||||
| Modern | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 0·35 | 0·15, 0·82 | 0·43 | 0·19, 0·99 | 0·16 | 0·06, 0·45 | 0·48 | 0·22, 1·07 | 0·123 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 0·60 | 0·22, 1·65 | 1·08 | 0·38, 3·09 | 0·32 | 0·10, 1·04 | 1·08 | 0·39, 2·95 | 0·950 |
| Neo-traditional | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 1·79 | 0·69, 4·70 | 1·46 | 0·54, 3·92 | 2·16 | 0·84, 5·56 | 2·16 | 0·84, 5·56 | 0·118 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 2·61 | 0·86, 7·93 | 1·48 | 0·48, 4·62 | 2·17 | 0·71, 6·59 | 1·18 | 0·38, 3·62 | 0·933 |
| Overweight/obesity (n 49)‡ | ||||||||||
| Modern | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 0·46 | 0·15, 1·42 | 1·66 | 0·68, 4·07 | 0·88 | 0·33, 2·35 | 1·00 | 0·38, 2·61 | 0·810 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 0·49 | 0·15, 1·60 | 1·94 | 0·71, 5·29 | 0·98 | 0·35, 2·77 | 0·71 | 0·24, 2·08 | 0·606 |
| Neo-traditional | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 2·48 | 0·88, 7·04 | 1·80 | 0·61, 5·30 | 1·80 | 0·61, 5·30 | 1·80 | 0·61, 5·30 | 0·597 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 3·03 | 1·01, 9·07 | 2·54 | 0·82, 7·86 | 4·23 | 1·26, 14·17 | 3·43 | 1·03, 11·39 | 0·066 |
| Anaemia (n 104)§ | ||||||||||
| Modern | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 1·42 | 0·68, 2·94 | 0·74 | 0·34, 1·59 | 0·62 | 0·28, 1·36 | 1·32 | 0·64, 2·76 | 0·697 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 1·89 | 0·83, 4·30 | 1·05 | 0·43, 2·55 | 0·80 | 0·33, 1·91 | 1·80 | 0·77, 4·20 | 0·367 |
| Neo-traditional | ||||||||||
| Crude | Reference | 1·33 | 0·63, 2·79 | 1·08 | 0·51, 2·28 | 1·16 | 0·55, 2·44 | 0·79 | 0·37, 1·72 | 0·431 |
| Adjusted | Reference | 1·47 | 0·63, 3·40 | 0·93 | 0·41, 2·15 | 1·20 | 0·52, 2·77 | 0·55 | 0·23, 1·33 | 0·150 |
The median factor score of each quintile was assigned to all participants in the same quintile and treated as a continuous variable in the model. The P value of this continuous variable is the P-trend.
Adjusted for child age, sex, total energy intake, census region (Apia Urban Area, Northwest Upolu, Rest of Upolu), ever breast-fed, having breakfast daily, eating frozen desserts weekly, maternal overweight/obesity, maternal anaemia, maternal education (high school graduate or not) and household annual income (≥10 000 tala or not). One value is missing for household income and one value is missing for maternal anaemia status.
Adjusted for child age, sex, total energy intake, census region (Apia Urban Area, Northwest Upolu, Rest of Upolu) and material lifestyle score (quartiles).
Adjusted for child age, sex, total energy intake, census region (Apia Urban Area, Northwest Upolu, Rest of Upolu), eating frozen desserts weekly, illness in the past 3 weeks, deworming medication use in the past 3 weeks, maternal age, maternal anaemia and maternal marital status (married/cohabitating or not). One value is missing for maternal anaemia status and three values are missing for deworming medication use.