Table 3.
Bone mineral density (BMD) in quartiles of Baltic Sea diet (BDS) and Mediterranean diet (MD) scores; Finnish women aged 65–71 years (n 554), Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Fracture Prevention Study (OSTPRE-FPS), 2003–2007
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | P value | |
| Quartile of BDS score | |||||||||
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 0·860 | 0·839, 0·880 | 0·855 | 0·833, 0·878 | 0·876 | 0·853, 0·898 | 0·862 | 0·838, 0·887 | 0·613 |
| Adjusted | 0·874 | 0·846, 0·901 | 0·866 | 0·837, 0·895 | 0·892 | 0·862, 0·922 | 0·873 | 0·842, 0·904 | 0·428 |
| Lumbar BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1·115 | 1·081, 1·148 | 1·086 | 1·049, 1·122 | 1·097 | 1·061, 1·134 | 1·118 | 1·078, 1·158 | 0·575 |
| Adjusted | 1·136 | 1·093, 1·179 | 1·102 | 1·057, 1·146 | 1·112 | 1·065, 1·159 | 1·135 | 1·087, 1·184 | 0·446 |
| Total body BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1·079 | 1·062, 1·097 | 1·072 | 1·053, 1·091 | 1·094 | 1·075, 1·113 | 1·091 | 1·072, 1·111 | 0·316 |
| Adjusted | 1·078 | 1·056, 1·101 | 1·073 | 1·050, 1·095 | 1·094 | 1·071, 1·118 | 1·088 | 1·064, 1·112 | 0·294 |
| Quartile of MD score | |||||||||
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 0·859 | 0·840, 0·879 | 0·881 | 0·861, 0·902 | 0·857 | 0·834, 0·881 | 0·848 | 0·820, 0·876 | 0·215 |
| Adjusted | 0·872 | 0·844, 0·901 | 0·883 | 0·854, 0·912 | 0·875 | 0·845, 0·905 | 0·863 | 0·827, 0·898 | 0·691 |
| Lumbar BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1·086 | 1·055, 1·118 | 1·136 | 1·102, 1·170 | 1·093 | 1·055, 1·130 | 1·088 | 1·041, 1·135 | 0·143 |
| Adjusted | 1·103 | 1·059, 1·147 | 1·138 | 1·093, 1·182 | 1·121 | 1·073, 1·168 | 1·099 | 1·042, 1·157 | 0·382 |
| Total body BMD (g/cm2) | |||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1·072 | 1·056, 1·089 | 1·101 | 1·084, 1·118 | 1·082 | 1·062, 1·101 | 1·078 | 1·055, 1·101 | 0·116 |
| Adjusted | 1·071 | 1·048, 1·095 | 1·092 | 1·068, 1·115 | 1·087 | 1·063, 1·111 | 1·087 | 1·059, 1·115 | 0·300 |
Covariates included in the adjusted mixed model include smoking, intervention group, vitamin D and Ca supplementation, disease or medication reducing BMD, age, height, weight, duration of hormone therapy and energy intake.