Table 3.

HR ratios and 95 % CI for incident depression according to baseline categories of adherence to the DASH diet indices in in the SUN study population; SUN Project, 1999–2011

	Less conservative definition (diagnosis of depression)				More conservative definition (diagnosis of depression and antidepressant use)
	≤2 points		3–9 points		≤2 points		3–9 points
	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI
Dixon’s DASH index
No. of cases/person-years	119/32964		294/67469		28/27362		85/56265
Multiple-adjusted model	1·00	ref.	1·21	0·97, 1·51	1·00	ref.	1·47	0·95, 2·30
	Q1		Q2–Q5		Q1		Q2–Q5
	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI
Mellen’s DASH index
No. of cases/person-years	128/27224		282/73209		37/22390		76/61237
Multiple-adjusted model	1·00	ref.	0·80	0·64, 1·00	1·00	ref.	0·68	0·45, 1·04
Fung’s DASH index
No. of cases/person-years	133/26197		277/74237		37/21595		76/62032
Multiple-adjusted model	1·00	ref.	0·76	0·61, 0·94	1·00	ref.	0·63	0·41, 0·95
Günther’s DASH index
No. of cases/person-years	97/22271		313/78162		23/18276		90/65351
Multiple-adjusted model	1·00	ref.	0·88	0·69, 1·11	1·00	ref.	1·01	0·63, 1·62

HR, hazard ratio; SUN, Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra/University of Navarra Follow-up; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; ref., reference category.

HR estimated with Cox regression and 95 % CI. If the CI includes 1·00, the results are not significant (two-tailed P>0·05). Bold values indicate statistical significance (P<0·05). Multiple-adjusted model: adjusted for sex, smoking (never, current, former), physical activity (quartiles), energy intake (quartiles), living alone (yes/no), unemployment (unemployed or no), marital status (married or not), baseline hypertension (yes/no), weight change (quartiles), and for the personality traits competitive, relaxed and dependant (from 0 to 10). All models were stratified by date of recruitment (2-year periods) and deciles of age.