Table 2.
Adjusted odds of obtaining a beverage or beverage refill at ninety-eight fast-food restaurants in New York City, and Newark and Jersey City, New Jersey, 2013–2014*
| Ordered beverage | Reported refilling beverage, among orders with a refillable soft drink | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR | 95 % CI | P value | aOR | 95 % CI | P value | |
| Drink condition | ||||||
| No refills available | 1·00 | Ref. | – | – | – | – |
| Non-self-serve refills available | 0·95 | 0·72, 1·27 | 0·737 | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Self-serve refill kiosk present | 1·07 | 0·98, 1·17 | 0·152 | 7·37 | 3·91, 13·89 | <0·001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Female | 0·99 | 0·88, 1·12 | 0·920 | 0·79 | 0·59, 1·05 | 0·098 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White non-Hispanic | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Black non-Hispanic | 0·68 | 0·59, 0·78 | <·001 | 0·91 | 0·50, 1·65 | 0·744 |
| Hispanic | 0·90 | 0·76, 1·06 | 0·203 | 1·10 | 0·68, 1·79 | 0·696 |
| Other non-Hispanic | 0·61 | 0·57, 0·64 | <0·001 | 1·22 | 0·69, 2·17 | 0·488 |
| White non-Hispanic | 0·73 | 0·43, 1·23 | 0·237 | 2·28 | 1·34, 3·88 | 0·003 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–24 | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| 25–39 | 1·10 | 0·91, 1·32 | 0·324 | 0·77 | 0·60, 0·98 | 0·038 |
| 40–49 | 1·07 | 0·76, 1·53 | 0·689 | 0·84 | 0·51, 1·38 | 0·486 |
| 50–64 | 1·14 | 0·76, 1·72 | 0·523 | 0·63 | 0·43, 0·92 | 0·017 |
| 65+ | 1·56 | 1·17, 2·09 | 0·003 | 0·40 | 0·23, 0·68 | 0·001 |
| Missing | 1·28 | 0·81, 2·05 | 0·294 | 0·41 | 0·10, 1·63 | 0·207 |
| Education | ||||||
| High-school degree or less | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Some college or more | 1·06 | 0·93, 1·20 | 0·380 | 1·12 | 0·72, 1·76 | 0·607 |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Not employed | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Employed | 1·12 | 0·98, 1·28 | 0·095 | 0·81 | 0·64, 1·02 | 0·078 |
| Meal time | ||||||
| Lunch | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Dinner | 0·67 | 0·63, 0·70 | <0·001 | 1·03 | 0·73, 1·46 | 0·859 |
| Meal location | ||||||
| Took meal to go | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Ate in the restaurant | 2·61 | 2·10, 3·24 | <0·001 | 4·45 | 2·48, 7·99 | <0·001 |
| Purchased combo meal | ||||||
| No | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 28·39 | 8·84, 91·14 | <0·001 | 0·80 | 0·62, 1·05 | 0·108 |
| Beverage size | ||||||
| Value | – | – | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| Small | – | – | – | 0·46 | 0·38, 0·57 | <0·001 |
| Medium | – | – | – | 0·34 | 0·17, 0·71 | 0·004 |
| Large | – | – | – | 0·39 | 0·16, 0·95 | 0·038 |
| Restaurant chain | ||||||
| Burger King | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| KFC | 0·26 | 0·11, 0·62 | 0·002 | 2·18 | 1·76, 2·71 | <0·001 |
| McDonald’s | 1·99 | 1·81, 2·19 | <0·001 | 1·18 | 0·85, 1·62 | 0·327 |
| Subway | 1·17 | 1·06, 1·28 | <0·001 | 1·00 | 0·95, 1·06 | 0·881 |
| Wendy’s | 1·65 | 1·53, 1·77 | <0·001 | 0·41 | 0·36, 0·45 | <0·001 |
| State | ||||||
| New York | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| New Jersey | 0·93 | 0·75, 1·15 | 0·500 | 1·47 | 1·23, 1·75 | <0·001 |
| Round | ||||||
| 1 | 1·00 | Ref. | – | 1·00 | Ref. | – |
| 2 | 1·07 | 0·94, 1·23 | 0·295 | 1·71 | 1·12, 2·61 | 0·014 |
| 3 | 0·99 | 0·93, 1·06 | 0·779 | 0·69 | 0·41, 1·15 | 0·155 |
| Reported fast-food eating frequency | 1·01 | 1·00, 1·02 | 0·004 | 1·02 | 1·00, 1·04 | 0·132 |
| n | 11 795 | 3455 | ||||
aOR, adjusted OR; ref., reference category.
*
Please note that the odds ratios presented in each column are estimated using different samples and are thus not directly comparable.