Table 1.
Characteristics of mothers in the case (with pre-eclampsia) and control group (without pre-eclampsia), Serbia, January–April 2011
| Case group (n 30) | Control group (n 30) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | P value | |
| Age (years), mean and sd | 28·6 | 4·9 | 28·4 | 4·5 | 0·7379 |
| Anthropometric parameters | |||||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2), mean and sd | 23·7 | 4·5 | 21·4 | 2·6 | 0·0258 |
| Pre-pregnancy | |||||
| Underweight, n and % of total | 0 | – | 3 | 10·0 | |
| Healthy, n and % of total | 22 | 73·3 | 21 | 70·0 | 0·735 |
| Overweight, n and % of total | 5 | 16·7 | 6 | 20·0 | |
| Obese, n and % of total | 3 | 10·0 | 0 | – | |
| Pregnancy weight gain (kg), mean and sd | 18·5 | 8·7 | 15·8 | 7·0 | 0·2577 |
| BMI at delivery (kg/m2), mean and sd | 30·5 | 6·8 | 27·4 | 3·8 | 0·0391 |
| Vitamin D intake | |||||
| Total intake (µg/d), mean and sd | 7·32 | 3·38 | 7·84 | 4·60 | 0·3658 |
| Total intake (IU/d), mean and sd | 292·9 | 135·2 | 313·7 | 183·8 | 0·3658 |
| Supplemental intake (µg/d), mean and sd | 3·79 | 3·71 | 5·00 | 3·80 | 0·2345 |
| Supplemental intake (IU/d), mean and sd | 151·7 | 148·5 | 200·0 | 151·9 | 0·2345 |
| Dietary intake (µg/d), mean and sd | 3·66 | 2·14 | 3·34 | 1·77 | 0·6351 |
| Dietary intake (IU/d), mean and sd | 146·2 | 85·7 | 133·7 | 70·7 | 0·6351 |
| Pregnancy-related parameters | |||||
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks), mean and sd | 36·3 | 2·1 | 37·7 | 0·5 | 0·029 |
| Delivery type | |||||
| Caesarean section, n and % of total | 21 | 70·0 | 1 | 3·3 | <0·0001 |
| Vaginal, n and % of total | 9 | 30·0 | 29 | 96·7 | <0·0001 |
| Max. SBP (mm Hg), mean and sd | 167 | 18 | 122 | 12 | <0·0001 |
| Max. DBP (mmHg), mean and sd | 109 | 11 | 78 | 8 | <0·0001 |
| Biochemical parameters | |||||
| Hb (g/l), mean and sd | 110 | 15 | 121 | 13 | 0·0084 |
| Glucose (mmol/l), mean and sd | 4·3 | 0·8 | 4·8 | 0·7 | 0·0257 |
| RBC (×1012/l), mean and sd | 3·8 | 0·5 | 4·2 | 0·5 | 0·0088 |
| Le (×109/l), mean and sd | 15 | 6 | 13 | 3 | 0·268 |
| PL (×109/l), mean and sd | 226 | 87 | 210 | 60 | 0·3703 |
| CRP (mg/l), mean and sd | 43 | 38 | 7 | 7 | <0·0001 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; RBC, red blood cells; Le, leucocytes; PL, platelets; CRP, C-reactive protein.