Table 4.
Factors associated with healthy and unhealthy food choices based on multivariable analysis among the sample of Mexican-American adults aged 18–97 years from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort study (n 1250), Texas–Mexico border region, 2008–2011
| RR | 95 % CI | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy Eating Index | |||
| Acculturation | |||
| Bilingual v. Spanish preference by generation level | |||
| First generation | 0·79 | 0·65, 0·97 | 0·0218 |
| Second generation | 0·90 | 0·79, 1·03 | 0·1259 |
| Third generation | 0·83 | 0·64, 1·08 | 0·1590 |
| English preference v. Spanish preference by generation level | |||
| First generation | 0·87 | 0·66, 1·15 | 0·3189 |
| Second generation | 0·94 | 0·81, 1·10 | 0·4574 |
| Third generation | 0·83 | 0·65, 1·05 | 0·1178 |
| English preference v. bilingual by generation level | |||
| First generation | 1·09 | 0·79, 1·52 | 0·5924 |
| Second generation | 1·04 | 0·89, 1·23 | 0·6067 |
| Third generation | 1·00 | 0·79, 1·26 | 0·9933 |
| Acculturation | |||
| Bilingual v. Spanish preference by sex | |||
| Male | 0·81 | 0·69, 0·95 | 0·0095 |
| Female | 0·87 | 0·76, 1·00 | 0·0519 |
| English preference v. Spanish preference by sex | |||
| Male | 0·91 | 0·76, 1·09 | 0·3183 |
| Female | 0·84 | 0·73, 0·98 | 0·0293 |
| English preference v. bilingual by sex | |||
| Male | 1·13 | 0·92, 1·39 | 0·2468 |
| Female | 0·97 | 0·81, 1·15 | 0·7068 |
| Age (ref.: ≤35 years) | |||
| 36–48 years | 1·14 | 1·05, 1·24 | 0·0014 |
| 49–59 years | 1·13 | 1·04, 1·23 | 0·0058 |
| ≥60 years | 1·21 | 1·11, 1·33 | <0·0001 |
| Years of education (ref.: ≤8 years) | |||
| >8 years | 1·09 | 1·02, 1·16 | 0·0163 |
| BMI (ref.: normal) | |||
| Obese | 1·03 | 0·95, 1·13 | 0·4476 |
| Overweight | 0·98 | 0·90, 1·07 | 0·6787 |
| Diabetes (ref.: no diabetes) | |||
| Diabetes | 0·99 | 0·92, 1·06 | 0·6965 |
| Unhealthy Eating Index | |||
| Acculturation | |||
| Bilingual v. Spanish preference by generation level | |||
| First generation | 1·01 | 0·82, 1·25 | 0·9083 |
| Second generation | 1·07 | 0·93, 1·23 | 0·3259 |
| Third generation | 0·91 | 0·68, 1·23 | 0·5579 |
| English preference v. Spanish preference by generation level | |||
| First generation | 1·31 | 0·99, 1·72 | 0·0587 |
| Second generation | 1·23 | 1·05, 1·45 | 0·0114 |
| Third generation | 1·07 | 0·82, 1·40 | 0·6244 |
| English preference v. bilingual by generation level | |||
| First generation | 1·29 | 0·92, 1·80 | 0·1339 |
| Second generation | 1·15 | 0·98, 1·36 | 0·0914 |
| Third generation | 1·17 | 0·91, 1·49 | 0·2119 |
| Acculturation | |||
| Bilingual v. Spanish preference by sex | |||
| Male | 1·01 | 0·86, 1·19 | 0·8685 |
| Female | 0·98 | 0·84, 1·15 | 0·8076 |
| English preference v. Spanish preference by sex | |||
| Male | 1·17 | 0·97, 1·41 | 0·1025 |
| Female | 1·23 | 1·05, 1·44 | 0·0107 |
| English preference v. bilingual by sex | |||
| Male | 1·15 | 0·94, 1·41 | 0·1741 |
| Female | 1·26 | 1·04, 1·51 | 0·0159 |
| Age (ref.: ≤35 years) | |||
| 36–48 years | 0·98 | 0·89, 1·07 | 0·6161 |
| 49–59 years | 0·87 | 0·79, 0·96 | 0·0040 |
| ≥60 years | 0·73 | 0·66, 0·81 | <0·0001 |
| Years of education (ref.: ≤8 years) | |||
| >8 years | 1·01 | 0·93, 1·09 | 0·8972 |
| BMI (ref.: normal) | |||
| Obese | 1·01 | 0·92, 1·11 | 0·8456 |
| Overweight | 1·00 | 0·91, 1·11 | 0·9451 |
| Diabetes (ref.: no diabetes) | |||
| Diabetes | 1·02 | 0·95, 1·11 | 0·5576 |
RR, rate ratio; ref., reference category.